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Lu, Huayi a24ca60074 DWS DEVELOPER 811 version 
Reviewed-by: Hasko, Vladimir <vladimir.hasko@t-systems.com>
Co-authored-by: Lu, Huayi <luhuayi@huawei.com>
Co-committed-by: Lu, Huayi <luhuayi@huawei.com>
2023-01-19 13:37:49 +00:00

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<a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744"></a><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744"></a>
<h1 class="topictitle1">CREATE TABLE PARTITION</h1>
<div id="body8662426"><div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__section1163224811518"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Function</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p66371482513"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706225336">CREATE TABLE PARTITION</strong> creates a partitioned table. Partitioning refers to splitting what is logically one large table into smaller physical pieces based on specific schemes. The table based on the logic is called a partition cable, and a physical piece is called a partition. Data is stored on these smaller physical pieces, namely, partitions, instead of the larger logical partitioned table.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p5641114815116">The common forms of partitioning include range partitioning, hash partitioning, list partitioning, and value partitioning. Currently, row-store and column-store tables support only range partitioning.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p7650174815515">In range partitioning, the table is partitioned into ranges defined by a key column or set of columns, with no overlap between the ranges of values assigned to different partitions. Each range has a dedicated partition for data storage.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p1748319710549">The partitioning policy for Range Partitioning refers to how data is inserted into partitions. Currently, range partitioning only allows the use of the range partitioning policy.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p39869581530">Range partitioning policy: Data is mapped to a created partition based on the partition key value. If the data can be mapped to, it is inserted into the specific partition; if it cannot be mapped to, error messages are returned. This is the most commonly used partitioning policy.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p268514816512">Partitioning can provide several benefits:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ul96878484515"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li1568911481516">Query performance can be improved dramatically in certain situations, particularly when most of the heavily accessed rows of the table are in a single partition or a small number of partitions. Partitioning narrows the range of data search and improves data access efficiency.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li569454819513">When queries or updates access a large percentage of a single partition, performance can be improved by taking advantage of sequential scan of that partition instead of reads scattered across the whole table.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li1769844865113">Bulk loads and deletion can be performed by adding or removing partitions, if that requirement is planned into the partitioning design. It also entirely avoids the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b16340772163230">VACUUM</strong> overhead caused by a bulk <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b12849227163230">DELETE</strong> (only for range partitioning).</li></ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__sfecc7033187843d58f6d12f0002da82a"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Precautions</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a2392aadbfa7d4ed88f3e3243589564ed">A partitioned table supports unique and primary key constraints. The constraint keys of these constraints contain all partition keys.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__sbe3db6dabd9646de9b5550d539beaaf6"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Syntax</h4><div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__scb0623f6a7d743e8aa138e6f9e74016b"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">IF</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">EXISTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition_table_name</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">column_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">data_type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">COLLATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">collation</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">column_constraint</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">table_constraint</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LIKE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">source_table</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">like_option</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[...]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">storage_parameter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">COMPRESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">NOCOMPRESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TABLESPACE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tablespace_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">DISTRIBUTE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">REPLICATION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">column_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">groupname</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">NODE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodename</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">partition_key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">RANGE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">partition_key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition_less_than_item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">RANGE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">partition_key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition_start_end_item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ENABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">DISABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ROW</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MOVEMENT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u041d15bf946d405a9ce9fa269653ddee"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lc330295f74d8402cab06c58018857000"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b096612495409">column_constraint</strong> is as follows:<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__s73e9d2ecb9114fd58495eaac544bdcb2"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span>
<span class="normal">8</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">CONSTRAINT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">constraint_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NULL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NULL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">CHECK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expression</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DEFAULT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">default_expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">UNIQUE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index_parameters</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">PRIMARY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">KEY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index_parameters</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DEFERRABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DEFERRABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INITIALLY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DEFERRED</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INITIALLY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">IMMEDIATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l305e08407cd24b2fadae0f6135126b00"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b147791959194016">table_constraint</strong> is as follows:<pre class="screen" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__s0f1b35a5ff7449b992c6c57719cd16cd">[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
{ CHECK ( expression ) |
UNIQUE ( column_name [, ... ] ) index_parameters |
PRIMARY KEY ( column_name [, ... ] ) index_parameters}
[ DEFERRABLE | NOT DEFERRABLE | INITIALLY DEFERRED | INITIALLY IMMEDIATE ]</pre>
</li></ul>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u8e24af20fe7a459fa85b2d8015a9862f"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l330b03af01414ea38e4fd31c2e5dbdf3"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b143191217134111">like_option</strong> is as follows:<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__s048fdbc088d24c0f8105091118933c3c"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INCLUDING</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">EXCLUDING</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DEFAULTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">CONSTRAINTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INDEXES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">STORAGE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">COMMENTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RELOPTIONS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">DISTRIBUTION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ALL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li></ul>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u0aa50f06e28b4ff0862ac7830afec957"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l29c8f05c933c46f9bed5eda5b7894f02"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1234992919412">index_parameters</strong> is as follows:<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__s62d8ee01070f4ec5bac73e5103ad2b3e"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">storage_parameter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">USING</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INDEX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TABLESPACE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tablespace_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li></ul>
</div>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ul44771433537"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li1147714355320"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1270974884112">partition_less_than_item</strong> is as follows:<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen176771922155511"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition_value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">MAXVALUE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TABLESPACE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tablespace_name</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li141301913105411"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1252554124115">partition_start_end_item</strong> is as follows:<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen32911276569"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="k">START</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">partition_value</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">END</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">partition_value</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">EVERY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">interval_value</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="k">START</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">partition_value</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">END</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">partition_value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">MAXVALUE</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="k">START</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">partition_value</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="k">END</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">partition_value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">MAXVALUE</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TABLESPACE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tablespace_name</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li></ul>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__sf87fc97db0664b2ab9ee9b85e334871f"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Parameter Description</h4><ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__uf44688cfdccd4b288667f2db3af59b4e"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ldd6a7e944b3246f88bc3678ff0aa11b8"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ab503d69d59234cbf899df9ba9ddc8eed">IF NOT EXISTS</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a5731bac911db44a88d3664e71384c4e8">Does not throw an error if a table with the same name exists. A notice is issued in this case.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l99d4ee3649bc4310b894aa3a65003f39"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a7022bc974d854b3499dfaf952af480ae">partition_table_name</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a5180626fc48140daa481f28fe59a99dd">Name of the partitioned table</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__accbc53e336ce4b198a2703785c6e8a25">Value range: a string. It must comply with the naming convention.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l770fbbe4170c43c68b5fc41deef3dd87"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a50aeeac752c04615964f8e9bc2151967">column_name</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__aceae0736d53f4113a1baf1782bd7c730">Specifies the name of a column to be created in the new table.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a26c800c552f0402d8a066595fdc288f1">Value range: a string. It must comply with the naming convention.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l35f40e56461545758dace29c9c70d3b1"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a6613a5da43824323974b74fdc16515d1">data_type</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a0c625b49c1e247d1af6d26ffd5c97910">Specifies the data type of the column.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lf792484a8cff460fab36a1835500028a"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a06e15096305247bdb8994a6b7207c91c">COLLATE collation</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a6b519823d6e840d28d9b52b5718e5e43">Assigns a collation to the column (which must be of a collatable data type). If no collation is specified, the default collation is used.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p588042710362">The collatable types are char, varchar, text, nchar, and nvarchar.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lbba701ce399b4800b90674c9228deaf3"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a33ce2813f56f45e8ad8a360d718bc741">CONSTRAINT constraint_name</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a148d7bf678b44308b0f97cdf54a2ae36">Specifies a name for a column or table constraint. The optional constraint clauses specify constraints that new or updated rows must satisfy for an insert or update operation to succeed.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__aaf6eb40d4c8e494395f23a71b71a739d">There are two ways to define constraints:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u3564faf231524c6f8d7dcd6182a86c39"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l7455b5a21def45da86128a292d3101c1">A column constraint is defined as part of a column definition, and it is bound to a particular column.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l2612c6bc2bbb40dd843059bc45f67481">A table constraint is not bound to any particular columns but can apply to more than one column.</li></ul>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l1744674312974babb8b62d66a13075ea"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a2f037699513a49419ffb4a7fda92d67b">LIKE source_table [ like_option ... ]</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a29e935d51f6b4ceeb4941a687034f095">Specifies a table from which the new table automatically copies all column names, their data types, and their not-null constraints.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a75c76619fc2043c1a254f13154daf99d">Unlike <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__en-us_topic_0058965796_b455698401783">INHERITS</strong>, the new table and original table are decoupled after creation is complete. Changes to the original table will not be applied to the new table, and it is not possible to include data of the new table in scans of the original table.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a3c55e60b80e849409dee5cb360a78e88">Default expressions for the copied column definitions will only be copied if <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1695271783">INCLUDING DEFAULTS</strong> is specified. The default behavior is to exclude default expressions, resulting in the copied columns in the new table having default values <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b15257491783">NULL</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a7c430b73026347d18986bf00dd438e4f"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b11854163973019">NOT NULL</strong> constraints are always copied to the new table. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706165324">CHECK</strong> constraints will only be copied if <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706165329">INCLUDING CONSTRAINTS</strong> is specified; other types of constraints will never be copied. These rules also apply to column constraints and table constraints.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a20cc85a5c7aa4035b317188e3dd0da61">Unlike <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b339025371783">INHERITS</strong>, columns and constraints copied by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b366873831783">LIKE</strong> are not merged with similarly named columns and constraints. If the same name is specified explicitly or in another <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b617509951783">LIKE</strong> clause, an error is reported.</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u21adfcc54c3a4d54825848208df25d69"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lb04bea1702a845e8b60fbae870edf427">Any indexes on the source table will not be created on the new table, unless the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__en-us_topic_0058965796_b84235270611020">INCLUDING INDEXES</strong> clause is specified.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__la94bab2532da4250a0210737555be237">STORAGE settings for the copied column definitions will only be copied if <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270611028">INCLUDING STORAGE</strong> is specified. The default behavior is to exclude <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270611036">STORAGE</strong> settings.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l16bcf17870bf4d0780819f9e510dd97a">Comments for the copied columns, constraints, and indexes will only be copied if <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270611044">INCLUDING COMMENTS</strong> is specified. The default behavior is to exclude comments.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l2ecb53212e584e0782ef6fb7b85f2e1d">If <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270611052">INCLUDING RELOPTIONS</strong> is specified, the new table will copy the storage parameter (<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b8423527061111">WITH</strong> clause of the source table) of the source table. The default behavior is to exclude partition definition of the storage parameter of the source table.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l5eeef40ef89245108aaed40e11006237">If <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b8423527061116">INCLUDING DISTRIBUTION</strong> is specified, the new table will copy the distribution information of the source table, including distribution type and column, and the new table cannot use <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270611111">DISTRIBUTE BY</strong> clause. The default behavior is to exclude distribution information of the source table.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__le8ff70e1a8034c88afa706e9e35d887b"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270611126">INCLUDING ALL</strong> is an abbreviated form of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270611136">INCLUDING DEFAULTS INCLUDING CONSTRAINTS INCLUDING INDEXES INCLUDING STORAGE INCLUDING COMMENTS INCLUDING RELOPTIONS INCLUDING DISTRIBUTION.</strong></li></ul>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lae968f3c5791463494f3587601daebe7"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a41ab1be34f5c45c084f5e70712036c1c">WITH ( storage_parameter [= value] [, ... ] )</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a11ce7ad3cfc044e58ed083870faa877e">Specifies an optional storage parameter for a table or an index. Optional parameters are as follows:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u7a2158ee32d44f6c9d5bc0ca883379ba"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l0154a80909ef409e8b89306072ac66b0">FILLFACTOR<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a5ce0879c5828420bab78d20cb08f3bae"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l0154a80909ef409e8b89306072ac66b0"></a><a name="l0154a80909ef409e8b89306072ac66b0"></a>The fillfactor of a table is a percentage between 10 and 100. 100 (complete packing) is the default value. When a smaller fillfactor is specified, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b2270294916957">INSERT</strong> operations pack table pages only to the indicated percentage. The remaining space on each page is reserved for updating rows on that page. This gives <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b9235230142311">UPDATE</strong> a chance to place the updated copy of a row on the same page, which is more efficient than placing it on a different page. For a table whose records are never updated, setting the fillfactor to 100 (complete packing) is the appropriate choice, but in heavily updated tables smaller fillfactors are appropriate. The parameter has no meaning for column-store tables.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a29b065e24bbc4d62b40255adfdcdcd80">Value range: 10–100</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l1dc186de08f04179abf5445132a99745">ORIENTATION<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a009ee5e011a34c62a041c639c0a83842"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l1dc186de08f04179abf5445132a99745"></a><a name="l1dc186de08f04179abf5445132a99745"></a>Determines the storage mode of the data in the table.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a71c6b6ed51ea41feaad0aba3c1d9eb42">Valid value:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ub10e0c25753d4fd8a0c8393b294114be"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l73a7b9c8897a4abca15713d8a09a1db9"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706112126">COLUMN</strong>: The data will be stored in columns.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l1bd37cd0368c4450bab41a0e1bed0029"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706112130">ROW</strong> (default value): The data will be stored in rows.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l4d1ed040d60a4d58a91802c0ce97fa69"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__en-us_topic_0058965796_b842352706102754">ORC</strong>: The data of the table will be stored in ORC format (only HDFS table).<div class="notice" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__nf8b15ae6979a49b3a5969fbe6dd2bb79"><span class="noticetitle"><img src="public_sys-resources/notice_3.0-en-us.png"> </span><div class="noticebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ad51295bc4ac845d4909cb672c96b9033"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__en-us_topic_0058965792_b8423527069143">orientation</strong> cannot be modified.</p>
</div></div>
</li></ul>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__le08cbebf64a646119ad1ff794400628f">COMPRESSION<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u1241a496bdd347b984ca2e49f1569249"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lb6982dee00fe4f97b56bf493e9c53b7c">The valid values for column-store tables are <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b16655111617186">YES</strong>/<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b17656121611814">NO</strong> and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b166561116161817">LOW</strong>/<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1565741681812">MIDDLE</strong>/<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b116575168185">HIGH</strong>, and the default is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1765816164185">LOW</strong>.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li4505171118442">The valid values for row-store tables are <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b880383512581">YES</strong> and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b14803113575815">NO</strong>, and the default is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b6803183585814">NO</strong>.<div class="note" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__note141418320435"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p1214119311432">The row-store table compression function is not put into commercial use. To use this function, contact technical support engineers.</p>
</div></div>
</li></ul>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ld6c4939c3ecd43408f4acb40d9261606">MAX_BATCHROW<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a823b7c5dd5d445e38e7b76b4d6ec2277"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ld6c4939c3ecd43408f4acb40d9261606"></a><a name="ld6c4939c3ecd43408f4acb40d9261606"></a>Specifies the maximum of a storage unit during data loading process. The parameter is only valid for column-store table.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p19493628539">Value range: 10000 to 60000</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a72beb3576bd246d589b82401b02bb75b">Default value: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b189711246115810">60000</strong></p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lb2b8ac6177cc4068ac0aa63ba0751f3e">PARTIAL_CLUSTER_ROWS<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a6ec572bacf034ef9820afaf4b2271185"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lb2b8ac6177cc4068ac0aa63ba0751f3e"></a><a name="lb2b8ac6177cc4068ac0aa63ba0751f3e"></a>Specifies the number of records to be partial cluster stored during data loading process. The parameter is only valid for column-store table.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a239d3bb8cc1a44b897f9aa1cc4c1a85c">Value range: The valid value is no less than 100000. The value is the multiple of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706105743">MAX_BATCHROW</strong>.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li2613194271216">enable_delta<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p1761394219122"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li2613194271216"></a><a name="li2613194271216"></a>Specifies whether to enable delta tables in column-store tables. The parameter is only valid for column-store tables.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p561354210126">Default value: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b8361559118">off</strong></p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lb38fdf1afbf84910a7ec89d3d9ec225c">DELTAROW_THRESHOLD<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a586b94005ef54a52b9e1dc931b6e2122"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lb38fdf1afbf84910a7ec89d3d9ec225c"></a><a name="lb38fdf1afbf84910a7ec89d3d9ec225c"></a>A reserved parameter. The parameter is only valid for column-store table.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a12f23c3ab168479898f1da1979b472c1">The value ranges from <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b184075944932213">0</strong> to <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b153534060432213">60000</strong>. The default value is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b130086924832213">6000</strong>.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li5770191514236">COLD_TABLECPACE<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p12881238101213"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li5770191514236"></a><a name="li5770191514236"></a>Specifies the OBS tablespace for the cold partitions in a hot or cold table. This parameter is available only to partitioned column-store tables and cannot be modified. It must be used together with <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b34394191566">storage_policy</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p9338171016131">Valid value: a valid OBS tablespace name</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li11865183915148">STORAGE_POLICY<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p36028013147"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li11865183915148"></a><a name="li11865183915148"></a>Specifies the rule for switching between hot and cold partitions. This parameter is used only for multi-temperature tables. It must be used together with <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b32921727135613">cold_tablespace</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p14975142661911">Value range: <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i1872315358499">Cold and hot switchover policy name</em>:<em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i1472483544914">Cold and hot switchover threshold</em>. Currently, only LMT and HPN policies are supported. LMT indicates that the switchover is performed based on the last update time of partitions. HPN indicates the switchover is performed based on a fixed number of reserved hot partitions.</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ul131052057145418"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li14140185517549"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b12564838184910">LMT:[</strong><em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i175641938154912">day</em><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b556453815499">]</strong>: Switch the hot partition data that is not updated in the last <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i6564638104915">[day]</em> days to the OBS tablespace as cold partition data. <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i15475194004910">[day]</em> is an integer ranging from 0 to 36500, in days.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li614275513545"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b10133104234911">HPN:[</strong><em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i17134194217497">hot_partition_num</em><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1134114224914">]</strong>: [<em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i1613416423497">hot_partition_num</em>] indicates the number of hot partitions (with data) to be retained. The rule is to find the maximum sequence ID of the partitions with data. The partitions without data whose sequence ID is greater than the maximum sequence ID are hot partitions, and [<em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i199500447498">hot_partition_num</em>] partitions are retained as hot partitions in descending order according to the sequence ID. A partition whose sequence ID is smaller than the minimum sequence ID of the retained hot partition is a cold partition. During hot and cold partition switchover, data needs to be migrated to the OBS tablespace. <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i61225471498">[hot_partition_num]</em> is an integer ranging from 0 to 1600.</li></ul>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li13221173584810">COLVERSION<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p32211935184811"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li13221173584810"></a><a name="li13221173584810"></a>Specifies the version of the column-store format. Switching between different storage formats is supported. However, the storage format of a partitioned table cannot be switched.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p0221183544810">Valid value:</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p1922183514480"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b49461492215">1.0</strong>: Each column in a column-store table is stored in a separate file. The file name is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1995115913217">relfilenode.C1.0</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b89514912218">relfilenode.C2.0</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1595212911215">relfilenode.C3.0</strong>, or similar.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p722103584820"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b786720101124">2.0</strong>: All columns of a column-store table are combined and stored in a file. The file is named <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b886712101124">relfilenode.C1.0</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p42212356480">Default value: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b5306411581">2.0</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p98431421191520">The value of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b19486172444">COLVERSION</strong> can only be set to <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84861626417">2.0</strong> for OBS hot and cold tables.</p>
<div class="note" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__note324584962517"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p1566713589250">When creating a column-store table, set <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1642517128218">COLVERSION</strong> to <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b204271712325">2.0</strong>. Compared with the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842716121828">1.0</strong> storage format, the performance is significantly improved:</p>
<ol id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ol141291029152617"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li113062920266">The time required for creating a column-store wide table is significantly reduced.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li19427204142616">In the Roach data backup scenario, the backup time is significantly reduced.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li2178947192613">The build and catch up time is greatly reduced.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li6836125342615">The occupied disk space decreases significantly.</li></ol>
</div></div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li32608317479">SKIP_FPI_HINT<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p185568515461"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li32608317479"></a><a name="li32608317479"></a>Indicates whether to skip the hint bits operation when the full-page writes (FPW) log needs to be written during sequential scanning.</p>
<div class="p" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p3172164012188">Default value: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b452813973315">false</strong><div class="note" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__note177211636121818"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p1721193631819">If <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b892637593403">SKIP_FPI_HINT</strong> is set to <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b356262573403">true</strong> and the checkpoint operation is performed on a table, no Xlog will be generated when the table is sequentially scanned. This applies to intermediate tables that are queried less frequently, reducing the size of Xlogs and improving query performance.</p>
</div></div>
</div>
</li></ul>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lf5978aa4c4ef490d99c2de6c24206c5a"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a05b73d9c0d9b44c1b6cb24e5cac8f777">COMPRESS / NOCOMPRESS</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a9452532e9dec44ceb491fb616365b0b3">Specifies the keyword <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270685040">COMPRESS</strong> during the creation of a table, so that the compression feature is triggered in the case of a bulk <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b522675911783">INSERT</strong> operation. If this feature is enabled, a scan is performed for all tuple data within the page to generate a dictionary and then the tuple data is compressed and stored. If <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b6462771783">NOCOMPRESS</strong> is specified, the table is not compressed.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__abd5ad0ffd8584c01a9e52a39a8d35993">Default value: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270611315">NOCOMPRESS</strong>, tuple data is not compressed before storage.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lb454cf40997349dcaa2173901b7a344c"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a1ca1c42b3a534a05af9c61d710270cb1">TABLESPACE tablespace_name</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a413bac3fb1dd412ba8aac3e0688bed3f">Specifies the new table will be created in <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270691952">tablespace_name</strong> tablespace. If not specified, default tablespace is used. The OBS tablespace is not supported.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__laaafba88a91a4fce98ae39e8ac61d8d9"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a7eb1eaa973c54067b0acafa5c06cd2fd">DISTRIBUTE BY</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ac20cea460c4e42a58fdb735d5be1ec0a">Specifies how the table is distributed or replicated between DNs.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a29ee3cb593654b45ba67155ee17f3b67">Valid value:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u30153d924bb04ddaaaddb9d66b60e198"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l2e86077944e74c73a4b134e794433bbd"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b14899625194618">REPLICATION</strong>: Each row in the table exists on all DNs, that is, each DN has complete table data.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__leaf9002978a646fdaa891b19706f53f1"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b9902122564617">HASH (column_name)</strong>: Each row of the table will be placed into all the DNs based on the hash value of the specified column.</li></ul>
<div class="notice" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__n8a490703ed39425da9cf3a5c4ff54a4a"><span class="noticetitle"><img src="public_sys-resources/notice_3.0-en-us.png"> </span><div class="noticebody"><ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u53f84c4f46c34d1f9519413a6f38b28a"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lcc8af4772df64fa286efea01f67edb78">When <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b99069255467">DISTRIBUTE BY HASH (column_name)</strong> is specified, the primary key and its unique index must contain the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b18906625134620">column_name</strong> column.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l3609b7320d044174b13dec49a656a891">When <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b0907112510466">DISTRIBUTE BY HASH (column_name)</strong> in a referenced table is specified, the foreign key of the reference table must contain the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b89077252467">column_name</strong> column.</li></ul>
</div></div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a43452c0d153448748b89859a7379bece">Default value: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b8423527069111">HASH(column_name)</strong>, the key column of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b8423527069117">column_name</strong> (if any) or the column of distribution column supported by first data type.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a0d3df276c7364b17900140b6c03260cf"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1345912216933">column_name</strong> supports the following data types:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ud7e4b15f92964a109bf3f8229ec9e49f"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__leb348f99f98142038c838f2ea2a323c3">INTEGER TYPES: TINYINT, SMALLINT, INT, BIGINT, NUMERIC/DECIMAL</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l0e4946b89e2b4accab0e5e543e5d9a15">CHARACTER TYPES: CHAR, BPCHAR, VARCHAR, VARCHAR2, NVARCHAR2</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l5b47b4fa366345abac58aaa17c4f28d6">DATA/TIME TYPES: DATE, TIME, TIMETZ, TIMESTAMP, TIMESTAMPTZ, INTERVAL, SMALLDATETIME</li></ul>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l952d2eb00a7a47bbaa7a6eab40966b69"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ae3a58cce858a4746a33e116011f28202">TO { GROUP groupname | NODE ( nodename [, ... ] ) }</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a337dcd05ab1646748b2fc1e83c683295"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706112750">TO GROUP</strong> specifies the Node Group in which the table is created. Currently, it cannot be used for HDFS tables. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706152947">TO NODE</strong> is used for internal scale-out tools.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lb144da954d4c4ac58c1e9ae1391e59ac"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lb144da954d4c4ac58c1e9ae1391e59ac"></a><a name="lb144da954d4c4ac58c1e9ae1391e59ac"></a><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__afeb1d13235b04b078f877e95294c5bcd">PARTITION BY RANGE(partition_key)</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__aec7bd416e9c7435e91e2e6fafe9ad8bb">Creates a range partition. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1544008009">partition_key</strong> is the name of the partition key.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p1850525435412">(1) Assume that the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b184197331359">VALUES LESS THAN</strong> syntax is used.</p>
<div class="notice" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__nd1e251905b0c4e69ae66a81508bd6d4b"><span class="noticetitle"><img src="public_sys-resources/notice_3.0-en-us.png"> </span><div class="noticebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__aef6fb9a8036e4f97ba09a70fba7f26b7">In this case, a maximum of four partition keys are supported.</p>
</div></div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ae1d8747b220b4d73aa11d61cf3de0907">Data types supported by the partition keys are as follows: SMALLINT, INTEGER, BIGINT, DECIMAL, NUMERIC, REAL, DOUBLE PRECISION, CHARACTER VARYING(n), VARCHAR(n), CHARACTER(n), CHAR(n), CHARACTER, CHAR, TEXT, NVARCHAR2, NAME, TIMESTAMP[(p)] [WITHOUT TIME ZONE], TIMESTAMP[(p)] [WITH TIME ZONE], and DATE.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p1832219614579">(2) Assume that the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b14421729780">START END</strong> syntax is used.</p>
<div class="notice" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__note155073594110"><span class="noticetitle"><img src="public_sys-resources/notice_3.0-en-us.png"> </span><div class="noticebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p15081359115">In this case, only one partition key is supported.</p>
</div></div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p774418158575">Data types supported by the partition key are as follows: SMALLINT, INTEGER, BIGINT, DECIMAL, NUMERIC, REAL, DOUBLE PRECISION, TIMESTAMP[(p)] [WITHOUT TIME ZONE], TIMESTAMP[(p)] [WITH TIME ZONE], and DATE.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l2fec8317753e4507adf9ef9a04ef9c32"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a4f7123d9b7654ab8b48e7c7169e7a8c6">PARTITION partition_name VALUES LESS THAN ( { partition_value | MAXVALUE } )</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__aff4d9c1d294b45709d2d428bb69bdaf3">Specifies the information of partitions. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270611736">partition_name</strong> is the name of a range partition. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270611933">partition_value</strong> is the upper limit of range partition, and the value depends on the type of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706111011">partition_key</strong>. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b356952817739">MAXVALUE</strong> can specify the upper boundary of a range partition, and it is commonly used to specify the upper boundary of the last range partition.</p>
<div class="notice" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__nb6a6b7b2806d4844b31b500c776a48a7"><span class="noticetitle"><img src="public_sys-resources/notice_3.0-en-us.png"> </span><div class="noticebody"><ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ul861645913157"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li2616185941517">Upper boundaries must be specified for each partition.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li86168591159">The types of upper boundaries must be the same as those of partition keys.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li1661675961516">In a partition list, partitions are arranged in ascending order of upper boundary values. Therefore, a partition with a certain upper boundary value is placed before another partition with a larger upper boundary value.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li154195449593">If a partition key consists of multiple columns, the columns are used for partitioning in sequence. The first column is preferred to be used for partitioning. If the values of the first columns are the same, the second column is used. The subsequent columns are used in the same manner.</li></ul>
</div></div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li2094151861116"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li2094151861116"></a><a name="li2094151861116"></a><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b193040541211">PARTITION partition_name {START (partition_value) END (partition_value) EVERY (interval_value)</strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b188831037785">} </strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b13541171817599">| </strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b14548519572"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b69088450599">{START (partition_value) END (partition_value|MAXVALUE)} | {START(partition_value)} | </strong>{END (partition_value | MAXVALUE)</strong>}<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p5457183272811">Specifies partition definitions.</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ul474222022918"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li1934812914318"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b181541055151310">partition_name</strong>: name or name prefix of a range partition. It is the name prefix only in the following cases (assuming that <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b21707287173">partition_name</strong> is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b33581930151710">p1</strong>):<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ul2260440124111"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li1162851102617">If START+END+EVERY is used, the names of partitions will be defined as <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b35412924417">p1_1</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b191331511144410">p1_2</strong>, and the like. For example, if <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b0811181594419">PARTITION p1 START(1) END(4) EVERY(1)</strong> is defined, the generated partitions are [1, 2), [2, 3), and [3, 4), and their names are <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b10217335124410">p1_1</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b109998366447">p1_2</strong>, and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b2358163918447">p1_3</strong>. In this case, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b141474817445">p1</strong> is a name prefix.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li32049373337">If the defined statement is in the first place and has <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1539451481618">START</strong> specified, the range (<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b7725103019556">MINVALUE</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b114914321554">START</strong>) will be automatically used as the first actual partition, and its name will be <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b119693564912">p1_0</strong>. The other partitions are then named <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b98242058124919">p1_1</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b169349117502">p1_2</strong>, and the like. For example, if <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b2756142412502">PARTITION p1 START(1), PARTITION p2 START(2)</strong> is defined, generated partitions are (MINVALUE, 1), [1, 2), and [2, MAXVALUE), and their names will be <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1140584945118">p1_0</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1720295465111">p1_1</strong>, and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b18593125218517">p2</strong>. In this case, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b8301233521">p1</strong> is a name prefix and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1592112705215">p2</strong> is a partition name. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1871131713525">MINVALUE</strong> means the minimum value.</li></ul>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li57341353123113"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b764919304525">partition_value</strong>: start point value or end point value of a range partition. The value depends on <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b282125413524">partition_key</strong> and cannot be <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b14553514535">MAXVALUE</strong>.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li441355619353"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b17471113411540">interval_value</strong>: width of each partition for dividing the [<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b447113345549">START</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b164711834165410">END</strong>) range. It cannot be <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b124711334125414">MAXVALUE</strong>. If the value of (<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b194711234175419">END</strong> – <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b184711834115410">START</strong>) divided by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b8471103465412">EVERY</strong> has a remainder, the width of only the last partition is less than the value of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b94711234195416">EVERY</strong>.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li19743172082915"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b11689125542715">MAXVALUE</strong>: maximum value. It is usually used to set the upper boundary for the last range partition.</li></ul>
<div class="notice" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__note1260511153100"><span class="noticetitle"><img src="public_sys-resources/notice_3.0-en-us.png"> </span><div class="noticebody"><ol id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ol0606515131011"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li18608215101010">If the defined statement is in the first place and has <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b91405356176">START</strong> specified, the range (<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b47713183556">MINVALUE</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b6460132005510">START</strong>) will be automatically used as the first actual partition.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li358021011157">The <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b14378761310">START END</strong> syntax must comply with the following rules:<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ul106578178151"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li16657181710159">The value of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1599953318345">START</strong> (if any, same for the following situations) in each <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b2201193811561">partition_start_end_item</strong> must be smaller than that of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1138874218347">END</strong>.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li971274618164">In two adjacent <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b124517291577">partition_start_end_item</strong> statements, the value of the first <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b18561340163611">END</strong> must be equal to that of the second <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b246395214363">START</strong>.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li14736133618183">The value of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b86351713376">EVERY</strong> in each <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1261933518588">partition_start_end_item</strong> must be a positive number (in ascending order) and must be smaller than <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b12641133412373">END</strong> minus <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b716184293716">START</strong>.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li14536161519228">Each partition includes the start value (unless it is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b5935811729">MINVALUE</strong>) and excludes the end value. The format is as follows: [Start value, end value).</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li11392115215301">Partitions created by the same <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b157071724124">partition_start_end_item</strong> belong to the same tablespace.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li943618157154">If <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b13438724114611">partition_name</strong> is a name prefix of a partition, the length must not exceed 57 bytes. If there are more than 57 bytes, the prefix will be automatically truncated.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li1770933882020">When creating or modifying a partitioned table, ensure that the total number of partitions in the table does not exceed the maximum value (32767).</li></ul>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li6780164617498">In statements for creating partitioned tables, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b12347694715">START END</strong> and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1703411134716">LESS THAN</strong> cannot be used together.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li17731727132913">The <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b660818532913">START END</strong> syntax in a partitioned table creation SQL statement will be replaced with the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b86058533920">VALUES LESS THAN</strong> syntax when <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b16603353197">gs_dump</strong> is executed.</li></ol>
</div></div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l1dc8211a4561436085df4044c91b7b4a"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a01f2a34d146c478489758224be37d84c">{ ENABLE | DISABLE } ROW MOVEMENT</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a4a1007e961874e11a2079071a87ab446">Specifies the row movement switch.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__aa550cd28513c4bcab9a6f49be7174420">If the tuple value is updated on the partition key during the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1344862066144645">UPDATE</strong> action, the partition where the tuple is located is altered. Setting of this parameter enables error messages to be reported or movement of the tuple between partitions.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a69bf8da7595344fdbc42318c71ee4ae8">Valid value:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u54689144f2164218b95f08e5c8f0b5a7"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__laea7d0ab449f48d99cabc52fb3030152"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b3652898517739">ENABLE</strong>: Row movement is enabled.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lcc75da93bd494ce79440d6b194543e6d"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706111436">DISABLE</strong> (default value): Disable row movement.</li></ul>
</li></ul>
</div>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u459698ec4b2541b6832c7a7c312aa110"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l5b76eb6a7ee04d7496c6c8a60561c166"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ae0d9f21849f545e69211fad4e90fe489">NOT NULL</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a2343792cde554b9ba93284735524bd03">Indicates that the column is not allowed to contain <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b87912263144857">NULL</strong> values. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706104628">ENABLE</strong> can be omitted.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l7e52c8db9f1146fc91fa17efc270062c"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a390c01d8d360443492b26d47cca0814a">NULL</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a0602818224c44371bdc101a7a65d3565">Indicates that the column is allowed to contain <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706104637">NULL</strong> values. This is the default setting.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a707e5d64b32643f5a4c928fcae472560">This clause is only provided for compatibility with non-standard SQL databases. You are advised not to use this clause.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l48268d42d8044c2b843dff205997ee71"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a72246a51a0d84e4780eefe3c3e0596b8">CHECK (condition) [ NO INHERIT ]</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__aa9ecb43a8e8c41b1b625a1ae0f06113d">Specifies an expression producing a Boolean result which new or updated rows must satisfy for an insert or update operation to succeed. Expressions evaluating to <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270616515">TRUE</strong> or <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270616518">UNKNOWN</strong> succeed. If any row of an insert or update operation produces a FALSE result, an error exception is raised and the insert or update does not alter the database.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ad4bc18f9fb2d47be882c7a672732e842">A check constraint specified as a column constraint should reference only the column's values, while an expression appearing in a table constraint can reference multiple columns.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__acd7d6a97de6341248d7c275d96b03052">A constraint marked with <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706165116">NO INHERIT</strong> will not propagate to child tables.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a388ccfa5f89c4ba68e7589f08236053e"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1212234859">ENABLE</strong> can be omitted.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l30ada03e0ac040e7945ab1ada46196cd"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__abe032586a55c4ca0bb3c2ead647fdef7">DEFAULT default_expr</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__aa5041d9e5124471498d06110bd6b5700">Assigns a default data value for a column. The value can be any variable-free expressions (Subqueries and cross-references to other columns in the current table are not allowed). The data type of the default expression must match the data type of the column.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a28dbc7b750294e7c8b1892a9bfbc92a9">The default expression will be used in any insert operation that does not specify a value for the column. If there is no default value for a column, then the default value is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b842352706104725">NULL</strong>.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l007a45fe3d38404fa08f634408658645"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a452fc482047f4857b7e965fe4185d578">UNIQUE index_parameters</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__aa913744db3c840949ba2daccd0e556ce"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a7287f10b6a484d48b06b5bf3e5595ad8">UNIQUE ( column_name [, ... ] ) index_parameters</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ac2c947c9f31f44ed94413ed76e8deafd">Specifies that a group of one or more columns of a table can contain only unique values.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a4c450a2ea12c4835bf9a979fdfb45864">For the purpose of a unique constraint, NULL is not considered equal.</p>
<div class="note" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__na760fa813973483abb9a87fd25aebcf1"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a5d1d33a7b73047d0a6abfc918d9de012">If <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270610484">DISTRIBUTE BY REPLICATION</strong> is not specified, the column table that contains only unique values must contain distribution columns.</p>
</div></div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l43b668280ae049ebaba65d1de233c322"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ae593d9ad241b4060aa8f411f53689f2f">PRIMARY KEY index_parameters</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a63b5c0814cda409da43f9fa438ac4f20"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ae8703d869167410d9cebbceb2d92c7d7">PRIMARY KEY ( column_name [, ... ] ) index_parameters</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a358b62638d184e96a66bbfb117a71df0">Specifies the primary key constraint specifies that a column or columns of a table can contain only unique (non-duplicate) and non-null values.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ad3566c3cca62439f8bb4089030f618e4">Only one primary key can be specified for a table.</p>
<div class="note" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__nabc1022131bd4802908fbdcaf72779e8"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a90f12df03cbe4df68bb36b4941d79bcf">If <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b642462654615">DISTRIBUTE BY REPLICATION</strong> is not specified, the column set with a primary key constraint must contain distributed columns.</p>
</div></div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lbea5503cc7684817857b116c6c064c17"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__af66d9732a85b42bab2fb67d6187b1d53">DEFERRABLE | NOT DEFERRABLE</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a51d1cf8fdafc44518eb1cf401d4e874b">Controls whether the constraint can be deferred. A constraint that is not deferrable will be checked immediately after every command. Checking of constraints that are deferrable can be postponed until the end of the transaction using the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b60118629161614">SET CONSTRAINTS</strong> command. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b37770752161614">NOT DEFERRABLE</strong> is the default value. Currently, only <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b16575126778">UNIQUE</strong> and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b85752616714">PRIMARY KEY</strong> constraints of row-store tables accept this clause. All the other constraints are not deferrable.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l826e6498d4024fe58e076b3b99ec89ce"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__acea66a8e3fb54df08c48cd1aeb51ac21">INITIALLY IMMEDIATE | INITIALLY DEFERRED</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a825df556c65f4cfd8456d68ae02f200a">If a constraint is deferrable, this clause specifies the default time to check the constraint.</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u516ad966b14e4af19737c2a5870da947"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__lecf8246141774966942e09779faee5a5">If the constraint is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b44131592161921">INITIALLY IMMEDIATE</strong> (default value), it is checked after each statement.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l5d3775494de944ad9ff304ec6daa0406">If the constraint is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b17889208161921">INITIALLY DEFERRED</strong>, it is checked only at the end of the transaction.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a40bedcf90658451a927d78f1f7859c3e">The constraint check time can be altered using the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b39739724161921">SET CONSTRAINTS</strong> command.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l435bb7382a124f6c8d8139e5aa18a57c"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__a9ed4e78b953840a2af0b98306cf68ecc">USING INDEX TABLESPACE tablespace_name</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ac60dd0376ce344458c3dceed5250b930">Allows selection of the tablespace in which the index associated with a <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b619215971783">UNIQUE</strong> or <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b204234691783">PRIMARY KEY</strong> constraint will be created. If not specified, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b2431147154313">default_tablespace</strong> is consulted, or the default tablespace in the database if <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b10432127134316">default_tablespace</strong> is empty. The OBS tablespace is not supported.</p>
</li></ul>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__s77407656b97f4cc6afb8b9812eb08056"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Examples</h4><ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__u5be6b4510a2e4ea99f5a93c6747bc30e"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l2870a676e17849fcb0e735bac0b2eb12">Example 1: Create a range-partitioned table <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b7464744217"><span id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__text5666211521">tpcds.</span>web_returns_p1</strong>. The table has eight partitions and the data type of their partition key is integer. The ranges of the partitions are: wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2450815, 2450815 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2451179, 2451179 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2451544, 2451544 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2451910, 2451910 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2452275, 2452275 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2452640, 2452640 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2453005, and wr_returned_date_sk ≥ 2453005.<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__sb3c47b84bc7b45c3a99a6373d5c527f7"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
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<span class="normal">40</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">web_returns_p1</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNED_DATE_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNED_TIME_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_ITEM_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REFUNDED_CUSTOMER_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REFUNDED_CDEMO_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REFUNDED_HDEMO_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REFUNDED_ADDR_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNING_CUSTOMER_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNING_CDEMO_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNING_HDEMO_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNING_ADDR_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_WEB_PAGE_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REASON_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_ORDER_NUMBER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">BIGINT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURN_QUANTITY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURN_AMT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURN_TAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURN_AMT_INC_TAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_FEE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURN_SHIP_COST</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REFUNDED_CASH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REVERSED_CHARGE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_ACCOUNT_CREDIT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_NET_LOSS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="k">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ORIENTATION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">COLUMN</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">COMPRESSION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">MIDDLE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">DISTRIBUTE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">WR_ITEM_SK</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RANGE</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">WR_RETURNED_DATE_SK</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2450815</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2451179</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2451544</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2451910</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2452275</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2452640</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2453005</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P8</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">MAXVALUE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__l29ebab7a71284914a2c86ab0c0db0ccd">Example 2: Create a range partitioned table <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270610194"><span id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__text122392371448">tpcds.</span>web_returns_p2</strong>. The table has eight partitions and the data type of their partition key is integer. The upper limit of the eighth partition is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b84235270611202">MAXVALUE</strong>.<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ac9a1a6272f43499785afc78e4edcb48d">The ranges of the partitions are: wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2450815, 2450815 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2451179, 2451179 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2451544, 2451544 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2451910, 2451910 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2452275, 2452275 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2452640, 2452640 ≤ wr_returned_date_sk &lt; 2453005, and wr_returned_date_sk ≥ 2453005.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ad826dbbfd359430a8789eaaeee014804">Assume that <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i18271204951212">CN and DN data directory/pg_location/mount1/path1</em>, <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i248245819129">CN and DN data directory/pg_location/mount2/path2</em>, <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i156552751318">CN and DN data directory/pg_location/mount3/path3</em>, and <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__i13365131691315">CN and DN data directory/pg_location/mount4/path4</em> are empty directories for which user <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b166371894298">dwsadmin</strong> has read and write permissions.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__sae0fa75cc58549c8be33b00652e54a25"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span>
<span class="normal">17</span>
<span class="normal">18</span>
<span class="normal">19</span>
<span class="normal">20</span>
<span class="normal">21</span>
<span class="normal">22</span>
<span class="normal">23</span>
<span class="normal">24</span>
<span class="normal">25</span>
<span class="normal">26</span>
<span class="normal">27</span>
<span class="normal">28</span>
<span class="normal">29</span>
<span class="normal">30</span>
<span class="normal">31</span>
<span class="normal">32</span>
<span class="normal">33</span>
<span class="normal">34</span>
<span class="normal">35</span>
<span class="normal">36</span>
<span class="normal">37</span>
<span class="normal">38</span>
<span class="normal">39</span>
<span class="normal">40</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">web_returns_p2</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNED_DATE_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNED_TIME_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_ITEM_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REFUNDED_CUSTOMER_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REFUNDED_CDEMO_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REFUNDED_HDEMO_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REFUNDED_ADDR_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNING_CUSTOMER_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNING_CDEMO_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNING_HDEMO_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURNING_ADDR_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_WEB_PAGE_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REASON_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_ORDER_NUMBER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">BIGINT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURN_QUANTITY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURN_AMT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURN_TAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURN_AMT_INC_TAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_FEE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_RETURN_SHIP_COST</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REFUNDED_CASH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_REVERSED_CHARGE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_ACCOUNT_CREDIT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WR_NET_LOSS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">DECIMAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">DISTRIBUTE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">WR_ITEM_SK</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RANGE</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">WR_RETURNED_DATE_SK</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2450815</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2451179</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2451544</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2451910</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2452275</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2452640</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2453005</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P8</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">MAXVALUE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">ENABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ROW</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MOVEMENT</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li></ul>
</div>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ul10330161105013"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li64742145514">Example 3: Use <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b0842141317533">START END</strong> to create and modify a range partitioned table.<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p1611342155512">Assume that <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b129295263311">/home/</strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1392917293315"></strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b192972163312">dbadmin</strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1293013243318">/startend_tbs1</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1593010293315">/home/</strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b5930192133314"></strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b89308253310">dbadmin</strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1793111253311">/startend_tbs2</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b149311203312">/home/</strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1931929339"></strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b15931728337">dbadmin</strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b119324253311">/startend_tbs3</strong>, and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b109321424334">/home/</strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b1593214216333"></strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b99328216331">dbadmin</strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b69338243317">/startend_tbs4</strong> are empty directories that user <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b9933172193320"></strong><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b0933725336">dbadmin</strong> has read and write permissions for.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen1490111614380"></div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p1718035783715">Create a partitioned table with the partition key of type integer.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen431012382381"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">startend_pt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INT</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span>
<span class="n">DISTRIBUTE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RANGE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">START</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">END</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">EVERY</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">END</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2000</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">START</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2000</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">END</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2500</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">START</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2500</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">START</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3000</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">END</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5000</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">EVERY</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">ENABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ROW</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MOVEMENT</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p18691515114815">View the information of the partitioned table.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen15792194518393"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">relname</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">boundaries</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pg_partition</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">where</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">parentid</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'tpcds.startend_pt'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">regclass</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">relname</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">boundaries</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="c1">-------------+------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">201</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">401</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">601</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">801</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">2000</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">2500</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">3000</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p5_1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">4000</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p5_2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">5000</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">startend_pt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen762501311536"></div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p15177135715375">Import data and check the data volume in the partition.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen11749164965215"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">startend_pt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GENERATE_SERIES</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4999</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">GENERATE_SERIES</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4999</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">COUNT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">startend_pt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FOR</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="k">count</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="c1">-------</span>
<span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">COUNT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">startend_pt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p3</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="k">count</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="c1">-------</span>
<span class="mi">500</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p141871248193810">View the information of the partitioned table.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen1991435783812"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span>
<span class="normal">17</span>
<span class="normal">18</span>
<span class="normal">19</span>
<span class="normal">20</span>
<span class="normal">21</span>
<span class="normal">22</span>
<span class="normal">23</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">relname</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">boundaries</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pg_partition</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">where</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">parentid</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'tpcds.startend_pt'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">regclass</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">relname</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">boundaries</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="c1">-------------+------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">201</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">401</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">601</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">801</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1_5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">2000</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">2500</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">3000</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p5_1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">4000</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p6_1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">5300</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p6_2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">5600</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p6_3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">5900</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p71</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">6000</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">q1_1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">4250</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">q1_2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">4500</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">q1_3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">4750</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">q1_4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">5000</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">startend_pt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">19</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li711916711147">Example 4: Create a partitioned table <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b3908327135717">customer_address</strong> partitioned by month. The table has 13 partitions and the partition keys are dates.<div class="p" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p453713421195">Create a partitioned table <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b513993185816">customer_address</strong>.<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen110618551388"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span>
<span class="normal">17</span>
<span class="normal">18</span>
<span class="normal">19</span>
<span class="normal">20</span>
<span class="normal">21</span>
<span class="normal">22</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">customer_address</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ca_address_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">integer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ca_address_date</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NULL</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">DISTRIBUTE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ca_address_sk</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RANGE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ca_address_date</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202001</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20200101'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202002</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20200201'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202003</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20200301'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202004</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20200401'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202005</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20200501'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202006</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20200601'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202007</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20200701'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202008</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20200801'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202009</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20200901'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202010</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20201001'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202011</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20201101'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202012</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'20201201'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p202013</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">MAXVALUE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p15862174681618">Insert data:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen10909114812413"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">customer_address</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">values</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'1'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'20200215'</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">customer_address</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">values</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'7'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'20200805'</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">customer_address</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">values</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'9'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'20201111'</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">customer_address</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">values</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'4'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'20201231'</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p3863174614165">Query a partition:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen1350517511253"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">customer_address</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p202009</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ca_address_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ca_address_date</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="c1">---------------+---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">08</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">05</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li19637816192012">Example 5: Create multiple partition syntax at a time using the START END syntax.<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ul33671718192116"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li1534775517211">Create a partitioned table <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b587984317719">day_part</strong>. Each day is a partition, and the partition key is a date.<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen1188712653813"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">table</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">day_part</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">d_time</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="n">DISTRIBUTE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RANGE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d_time</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">START</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2022-01-01'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">END</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2022-01-31'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">EVERY</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1 day'</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="k">ALTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">day_part</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ADD</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pmax</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">maxvalue</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li10346164516215">Create a partitioned table <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b12810652473">week_part</strong>, seven days as a partition, and the partition key is a date.<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen690153917383"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">table</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">week_part</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">w_time</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">DISTRIBUTE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RANGE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w_time</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">START</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2021-01-01'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">END</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2022-01-01'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">EVERY</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'7 day'</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="k">ALTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">week_part</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ADD</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pmax</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">maxvalue</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__li6407164912115">Create the partition table <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__b75468553713">month_part</strong>, each month as a partition, and the partition key is a date.<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__screen2321151153817"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">table</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">month_part</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">m_time</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">DISTRIBUTE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RANGE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m_time</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">START</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2021-01-01'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">END</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2022-01-01'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">EVERY</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1 month'</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="k">ALTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">month_part</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ADD</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pmax</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LESS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">THAN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">maxvalue</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__p54951109215"></p>
</li></ul>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__sdd1bb49c54fe48ffb123ee917092540a"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Links</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001099150744__ab7a62aa4283e43558bbf77c097ffa194"><a href="dws_06_0143.html">ALTER TABLE PARTITION</a>, <a href="dws_06_0208.html">DROP TABLE</a></p>
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<div>
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<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="dws_06_0118.html">DDL Syntax</a></div>
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