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Lu, Huayi e6fa411af0 DWS DEV 830.201 version 
Reviewed-by: Pruthi, Vineet <vineet.pruthi@t-systems.com>
Co-authored-by: Lu, Huayi <luhuayi@huawei.com>
Co-committed-by: Lu, Huayi <luhuayi@huawei.com>
2024-05-16 07:24:04 +00:00

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<a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655"></a><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655"></a>
<h1 class="topictitle1">INSERT</h1>
<div id="body8662426"><div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__s913a34a64c084a138d56f7fbfe5916cc"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Function</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__ac9038235a6954dcb9e97e86fe5d26667"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b842352706191144">INSERT</strong> inserts new rows into a table.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__sca82b0b9d8d8442ca9d8447acb2edf50"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Precautions</h4><ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__udb2d07d9ae2541d4a7105616a77404f3"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l5c66b43ec93b4a128a92abc2851416ea">You must have the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b3206178102933">INSERT</strong> permission on a table in order to insert into it.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__lfcb5fe32c9a9428aa95239b02d68b82c">Use of the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b58373880102933">RETURNING</strong> clause requires the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b55602877102933">SELECT</strong> permission on all columns mentioned in <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b30663846102933">RETURNING</strong>.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l872d24f451684ab7b8550945091ec089">If you use the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b743637102933">query</strong> clause to insert rows from a query, you of course need to have the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b6692741102933">SELECT</strong> permission on any table or column used in the query.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li677573823415">If you use the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b15709128173511">OVERWRITE </strong>clause to insert, you must have the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b117131518357">SELECT</strong> and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b169986179353">TRUNCATE </strong>permissions on the table.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l327850f0ced6469da391884ea015ccd6">When you connect to a database compatible to Teradata and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b84235270683114">td_compatible_truncation</strong> is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b842352706141432">on</strong>, a long character string will be automatically truncated. If later <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b84235270620034">INSERT</strong> statements (not involving foreign tables) insert long strings to columns of char- and varchar-typed columns in the target table, the system will truncate the long strings to ensure no strings exceed the maximum length defined in the target table.<div class="note" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__n03c9c46173524fa996329f6ee1a7c828"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a243069bb3d584803bd8dd157e880dac9">If inserting multi-byte character data (such as Chinese characters) to database with the character set byte encoding (SQL_ASCII, LATIN1), and the character data crosses the truncation position, the string is truncated based on its bytes instead of characters. Unexpected result will occur in tail after the truncation. If you want correct truncation result, you are advised to adopt encoding set such as UTF8, which has no character data crossing the truncation position.</p>
</div></div>
</li></ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__se26969fe97994814b5f45a6173164204"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__se26969fe97994814b5f45a6173164204"></a><a name="se26969fe97994814b5f45a6173164204"></a><h4 class="sectiontitle">Syntax</h4><div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__s51f2f81628824457b9a60a64a85eed91"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
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<span class="normal">26</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RECURSIVE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">with_query</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">IGNORE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">OVERWRITE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">table_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">alias</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">column_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DEFAULT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expression</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DEFAULT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">query</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ON</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">DUPLICATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">KEY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">duplicate_action</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ON</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CONFLICT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">conflict_target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">conflict_action</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RETURNING</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">output_expression</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">output_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="k">where</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">duplicate_action</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">can</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">be</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">UPDATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">column_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expression</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DEFAULT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">column_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expression</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DEFAULT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span>
<span class="k">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">conflict_target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">can</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">be</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">one</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index_column_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index_expression</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">COLLATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">collation</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">opclass</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index_predicate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ON</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">CONSTRAINT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">constraint_name</span>
<span class="k">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">conflict_action</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">is</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">one</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NOTHING</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">UPDATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">SET</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">column_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expression</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DEFAULT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">column_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expression</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DEFAULT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">condition</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__s607f0d6336b9473ea352e2b4338007fd"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Parameter Description</h4><ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__uf3d37e5bb5214918964a03fd40a4679d"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l3c6629af41bc492bbebb8585a299261f"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__en-us_topic_0059778902_b993312118384">WITH [ RECURSIVE ] with_query [, ...]</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a132d7d85bf204b409867f3e985ae2a14">The <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__en-us_topic_0058966196_b84235270693837">WITH</strong> clause allows you to specify one or more subqueries that can be referenced by name in the primary query, equal to temporary table.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__abdf9a5f395d845adb939bca79aea7dca">If <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__en-us_topic_0058966196_b84235270693847">RECURSIVE</strong> is specified, it allows a <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__en-us_topic_0058966196_b84235270693853">SELECT</strong> subquery to reference itself by name.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p10643325135810">The <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b195331374534">with_query</strong> detailed format is as follows:</p>
<pre class="screen" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__screen207741630155820">with_query_name [ ( column_name [, ...] ) ] AS
( {select | values | insert | update | delete} )</pre>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__af1284b81fe9d4af09633a9f6da41633c"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b6669201725413">with_query_name</strong> specifies the name of the result set generated by a subquery. Such names can be used to access the result sets of subqueries in a query.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a3d691e27a267409f8449eaca3e2e158a"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__en-us_topic_0058966196_b842352706112838">column_name</strong> specifies the column name displayed in the subquery result set.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a5bc210c11a9b430997b244d4b8d415dd">Each subquery can be a <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b64041359405">SELECT</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b040595144020">VALUES</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b34053564010">INSERT</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b740619554011">UPDATE</strong> or <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b94061518405">DELETE</strong> statement.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li1658358133513"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b542710234543">IGNORE</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p20813142495516">Specifies that the data that duplicates an existing primary key or unique key value will be ignored.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p14591415103513">For details, see <a href="dws_06_0237.html">UPSERT</a>.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li899118139223"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b650622625418">OVERWRITE</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p4132321194814">Specifies the overwrite mode. After this mode is used, the original data is cleared and only the newly inserted data exists.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p1334019304468">You can specify the columns on which <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b1876510242514">OVERWRITE</strong> takes effect, and the other columns will keep their original data. If a column has no original data, its value is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b11688151361913">NULL</strong>.</p>
<div class="notice" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__note461263225716"><span class="noticetitle"><img src="public_sys-resources/notice_3.0-en-us.png"> </span><div class="noticebody"><ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__ul698044814595"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li189801348195910">Do not perform <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b185081314547">OVERWRITE</strong> and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b95641933105410">INSERT INTO</strong> operations at the same time. Otherwise, data written in real time may be unexpectedly cleared.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li169801848145911"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b1047631712555">OVERWRITE</strong> applies to the scenario where a large amount of data is imported. You are not advised to use <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b42741126185515">OVERWRITE</strong> to insert a small amount of data.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li21131351382">Do not concurrently perform insert overwrite operations on the same table. Otherwise, an error similar to "tuple concurrently updated." will be reported.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li015001913710">If the cluster is being scaled out and data redistribution is required for the table where <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b1386883371614">INSERT OVERWRITE</strong> is performed, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b1450317384213">INSERT OVERWRITE</strong> clears the current data and automatically distributes the inserted data to the new nodes after scale-out. If <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b167396310168">INSERT OVERWRITE</strong> and the data redistribution of the table are performed at the same time, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b148689537155">INSERT OVERWRITE</strong> will interrupt the data redistribution of the table.</li></ul>
</div></div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l2e7c51aac0a94a18bf457a6cb51fc92b"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__aef279db8808241e987b7b541d8d7fdba">table_name</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__afd87c3971a4d4428b1326a6b1633bd60">Specifies the name of the target table.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a401d03c284e5426eba3276a1cd43d465">Value range: an existing table name</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li1955818209371"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b125421424103719">AS</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p331372793710">Specifies an alias for the target table <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__i18931553165517">table_name</em>. <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__i291413315566">alias</em> indicates the alias name.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l0e820def95a8474aaab80ee445063ba5"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__aa0f0ac51fd9b4f9ba477113c04d4b936">column_name</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a87b77c72ccf44651a0e0a66508a7ae79">Specifies the name of a column in a table.</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__ufce3a29ef86646f9a9a0280a3777b516"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l4039768ab49346ecb28674d9d6b83499">The column name can be qualified with a subfield name or array subscript, if needed.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__la40007088bc44700a82792bb94f2b614">Each column not present in the explicit or implicit column list will be filled with a default value, either its declared default value or <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b926152411277">NULL</strong> if there is none. (Inserting into only some fields of a composite column leaves the other fields <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b174611539162710">NULL</strong>.)</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__leba66e67e5704bbc8b9804e0784a78ad">The target column names <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b84235270617376">column_name</strong> can be listed in any order. If no list of column names is given at all, the default is all the columns of the table in their declared order.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l2e94828376d143f5bf0c2f4aaa6791ac">The target columns are the first N column names, if there are only N columns supplied by the value clause or query.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l8bf4eeec548a430389db45b82980387b">The values supplied by the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b91097112433547">value</strong> clause or <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b133083609933547">query</strong> are associated with the explicit or implicit column list left-to-right.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a3a4cafeb87b24059a8f2c39a5b171e96">Value range: an existing column name</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l288e0449398e4445a28537d812766a05"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a6473d07e30184afd9b4dc039f078298f">expression</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a2e705aa2657240ae8dba4b602e899daa">Specifies an expression or a value to assign to the corresponding column.</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__uc5c533b7a09440798463dabee0fa5ca6"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l7ab826ef384740b584ca1fe6f580f234">If single-quotation marks are inserted in a column, the single-quotation marks need to be used for escape.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l0d15dc3f368c454cb1f6eb8ac4bc5f3e">If the expression for any column is not of the correct data type, automatic type conversion will be attempted. If the attempt fails, data insertion fails and the system returns an error message.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p2094013274318">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__screen4959103213394"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span>
<span class="normal">17</span>
<span class="normal">18</span>
<span class="normal">19</span>
<span class="normal">20</span>
<span class="normal">21</span>
<span class="normal">22</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tt01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">content</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="n">NOTICE</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">The</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'DISTRIBUTE BY'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">clause</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">is</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">not</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">specified</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">Using</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">round</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">robin</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">the</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">distribution</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">default</span><span class="p">.</span>
<span class="n">HINT</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Please</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'DISTRIBUTE BY'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">clause</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">to</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">specify</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">suitable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">distribution</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">column</span><span class="p">.</span>
<span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tt01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">values</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'Jack say ''hello'''</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tt01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">values</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'Rose do 50%'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tt01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">values</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'Lilei say ''world'''</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tt01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">values</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'Hanmei do 100%'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tt01</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">content</span>
<span class="c1">----+-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Lilei</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">say</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'world'</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Hanmei</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">do</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="o">%</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Jack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">say</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'hello'</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Rose</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">do</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="o">%</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__le6e3f5a6e05041f0aad9ff5ff62fd422"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__aa8d4a03e107749daa4bf7c9473b7752c">DEFAULT</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a07629daffd2047fc8a2d7323c5d35b23">All columns will be filled with their default values. The value is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b4871682812018">NULL</strong> if no specified default value has been assigned to it.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l5ed6b86e332a418380c47e8aa004d6ec"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a219545b6fd734546b36c86c6339faeb1">query</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__afc1d45e221074bf68414f4454f382868">Specifies a query statement (<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b723095917589">SELECT</strong> statement) that uses the query result as the inserted data.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li67255224384"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b47003310332">ON DUPLICATE KEY</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p83692056113817">Specifies that the data that duplicates an existing primary key or unique key value will be updated.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p2449195354913"><em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__i101931832105919">duplicate_action</em> specifies the columns and data to be updated.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p35901516195511">For details, see <a href="dws_06_0237.html">UPSERT</a>.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li1349445919409"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b1806103773312">ON CONFLICT</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p655191084110">Specifies that the data that duplicates an existing primary key or unique key value will be ignored or updated.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p15969125720461"><em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__i34771111616">conflict_target</em> specifies the column name <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__i96281119418">index_column_name</em>, expression <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__i1254914351913">index_expression</em> that contains multiple column names, or constraint name <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__i975319351421">constraint_name</em>. It is used to infer whether there is a unique index from the column name, the expression that contains multiple column names, or the constraint name. <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__i3844102619318">index_column_name</em> and <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__i165901301131">index_expression</em> must comply with the index column format of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b813634219311">CREATE INDEX</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p28510393488"><em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__i1631712541332">conflict_action</em> specifies the policy to be executed upon a primary key or unique constraint conflict. There are two available actions:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__ul091017313416"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li9162135563316"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b761285713420">DO NOTHING</strong>: Ignore the conflict.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__li1616545513310"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b117591978516">DO UPDATE SET</strong>: Update data upon a conflict. The columns and data to be updated must be specified.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p163785105345">For details, see <a href="dws_06_0237.html">UPSERT</a>.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l3b1226d66fac4b0a8ceccde0b8f4cea0"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__ac98270f959b848f5b10a2a4454627a84">RETURNING</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__aaf94a39af012499aa35d78356ddd65d1">Returns the inserted rows. The syntax of the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b6684745218187">RETURNING </strong>list is identical to that of the output list of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b6475616418187">SELECT</strong>.</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__lca8efd274b3a4b71a87c5d480ba01b5a"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a1c705cae251549d8a2ae226f43fccebb">output_expression</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__ac02747f365ba4498a3008a179ef59ec9">An expression used to calculate the output of the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__en-us_topic_0058966198_b656245218187">INSERT</strong> command after each row is inserted.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__af3cc953c153a4d378c1b41b31f154927">Value range: The expression can use any field in the table. Write * to return all columns of the inserted row(s).</p>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__l534935422ae044e5b9caea617e8ee230"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a905e9fdc42654bf0a753ecee13bdf190">output_name</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__a37f3ba7e28044ea29fc4900c78a10452">A name to use for a returned column.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__afa5a3d06283f4f62aae5e8d007c7c589">Value range: a string. It must comply with the naming convention.</p>
</li></ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__s34f59f03fabd44b7b12042e7cd73f6be"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Examples</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p1622154712452">Create the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b1616717548547">reason_t1</strong> table.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__screen15221473451"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">DROP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">IF</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">EXISTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason_t1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason_t1</span>
<span class="p">(</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TABLE_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TABLE_ID</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">VARCHAR</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TABLE_NA</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">VARCHAR</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p1322547124516">Insert a record into a table.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__screen182244715455"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason_t1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TABLE_SK</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TABLE_ID</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TABLE_NA</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'S01'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'StudentA'</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p62354710454">Insert a record into a table. This command is equivalent to the last one.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__screen19231847184516"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason_t1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'S01'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'StudentA'</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p18236476453">Insert records whose <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b103731626105515">TABLE_SK</strong> is less than <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b17201630105518">1</strong> into the table.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__screen182310473456"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason_t1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason_t1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TABLE_SK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p42324717459">Insert records into the table.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__screen192364794514"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason_t1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'S01'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'StudentA'</span><span class="p">),(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'T01'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'TeacherA'</span><span class="p">),(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'T02'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'TeacherB'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason_t1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p18784458441">Use <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b17248626012">INSERT OVERWRITE</strong> to update data in a table, that is, insert data to overwrite the old data.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__screen16237478454"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">OVERWRITE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason_t1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">values</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'S02'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'StudentB'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason_t1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p973360103017">Insert data back into the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b88581041175615">reason_t1</strong> table.</p>
<pre class="screen" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__screen33145185917">INSERT INTO reason_t1 SELECT * FROM reason_t1;</pre>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p973350193018">Specify default values for independent columns.</p>
<pre class="screen" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__screen17301265595">INSERT INTO reason_t1 VALUES (5, 'S03', DEFAULT);</pre>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__p127333013014">Insert some data in a table to another table: Use the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b9942844155614">WITH</strong> subquery to obtain a temporary table <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b9942844195617">temp_t</strong>, and then insert all data in <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b394324485616">temp_t</strong> to another table <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__b109431044145615">reason_t1</strong>.</p>
<pre class="screen" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708655__screen10222310175911">WITH temp_t AS (SELECT * FROM reason_t1) INSERT INTO reason_t1 SELECT * FROM temp_t ORDER BY 1;</pre>
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<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="dws_06_0275.html">INSERT and UPSERT</a></div>
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