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Lu, Huayi e6fa411af0 DWS DEV 830.201 version 
Reviewed-by: Pruthi, Vineet <vineet.pruthi@t-systems.com>
Co-authored-by: Lu, Huayi <luhuayi@huawei.com>
Co-committed-by: Lu, Huayi <luhuayi@huawei.com>
2024-05-16 07:24:04 +00:00

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<a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713"></a><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713"></a>
<h1 class="topictitle1">Aggregate Functions</h1>
<div id="body8662426"><div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section395611461573"><h4 class="sectiontitle">sum(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p69303461970">Description: Sum of expression across all input values</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p14930104610715">Return type:</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p89301046172">Generally, same as the argument data type. In the following cases, type conversion occurs:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__ul1193013461472"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li18930204612719"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b6088771039230">BIGINT</strong> for <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b10678649319230">SMALLINT</strong> or <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b14911474899230">INT</strong> arguments</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li19930746572"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b21467048109230">NUMBER</strong> for <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b15603561999230">BIGINT</strong> arguments</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li139301467713"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b11996798629230">DOUBLE PRECISION</strong> for floating-point arguments</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p893018466712">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen129302461476"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">SUM</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ss_ext_tax</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">STORE_SALES</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sum</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">213267594</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">69</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section1863912531276"><h4 class="sectiontitle">max(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1260811531973">Description: Specifies the maximum value of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b47530574222240">expression</strong> across all input values.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p5609053975">Argument types: any array, numeric, string, or date/time type</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p206097534714">Return type: same as the argument type</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1360915535713">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen106092534710"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">MAX</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">max</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section875863483"><h4 class="sectiontitle">min(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1473213583">Description: Specifies the minimum value of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b8043024149230">expression</strong> across all input values.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p67321431682">Argument types: any array, numeric, string, or date/time type</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1673243387">Return type: same as the argument type</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p15732193682">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen47328311816"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">MIN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">min</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-----</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section1415518102819"><h4 class="sectiontitle">avg(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1612810106819">Description: Average (arithmetic mean) of all input values</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p121041384915">If the input parameter type is DOUBLE PRECISION, it accepts values from 1.34E-154 to 1.34E+154. Values outside this range cause the "value out of range: overflow" error. To avoid this, use the cast function to change the column type to numeric.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1912818104813">Return type:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__ul12158173483817"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li9158143419386"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b6056060129230">NUMBER</strong> for any integer-type argument.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li1515893415387"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b57509848922240">DOUBLE PRECISION</strong> for floating-point parameters.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li1315817345381">Other values are the same as the input data type.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p41281010280">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen812951015811"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AVG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">avg</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">----------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">500</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">0387129084044604</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section85441714818"><h4 class="sectiontitle">median(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p103081720810">Description: Median of all input values Currently, only the numeric and interval types are supported. Null values are not used for calculation.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p203012178819">Return type:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__ul1590717113913"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li17907161133919">If all input values are integers, a median of the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b194431633143113">NUMERIC</strong> type is returned; otherwise, a median of the same type as the input values is returned.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li1907151143911">In the Teradata-compatible mode, if the input values are integers, the returned median is rounded to the nearest integer.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p17305172817">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen20301517687"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MEDIAN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">median</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">500</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section9646174519811"><h4 class="sectiontitle">percentile_cont(const) within group(order by expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1861319457811">Description: returns a value corresponding to the specified percentile in the ordering, interpolating between adjacent input items if needed. Null values are not used for calculation.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p2061354517817">Input: <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__i17723144664514">const</em> indicates a number ranging from 0 to 1. Currently, only numeric and interval expressions are supported.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p36136451486">Return type:</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__ul6898121413394"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li2898131403913">If all input values are integers, a median of the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b681493702">NUMERIC</strong> type is returned; otherwise, a median of the same type as the input values is returned.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li589891413391">In the Teradata-compatible mode, if the input values are integers, the returned median is rounded to the nearest integer.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p146131845584">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen13614204520812"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">percentile_cont</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">within</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">group</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">generate_series</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">percentile_cont</span>
<span class="c1">-----------------</span>
<span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">percentile_cont</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">within</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">group</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">desc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">generate_series</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">percentile_cont</span>
<span class="c1">-----------------</span>
<span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">8</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section712919521811"><h4 class="sectiontitle">percentile_disc(const) within group(order by expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p610613521380">Description: returns the first input value whose position in the ordering equals or exceeds the specified percentile.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p610615220816">Input: <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__i1420954216509">const</em> indicates a number ranging from 0 to 1. Currently, only numeric and interval expressions are supported. Null values are not used for calculation.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p51064521186">Return type: If all input values are integers, a median of the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b18991994519230">NUMERIC</strong> type is returned; otherwise, a median of the same type as the input values is returned.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p17106145219811">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen2107125210812"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">percentile_disc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">within</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">group</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">generate_series</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">percentile_disc</span>
<span class="c1">-----------------</span>
<span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">percentile_disc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">within</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">group</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">desc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">generate_series</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">percentile_disc</span>
<span class="c1">-----------------</span>
<span class="mi">4</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section89961834791"><h4 class="sectiontitle">count(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p159696341917">Description: Number of input rows for which the value of expression is not null</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1396918341090">Return type: bigint</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p9969203410912">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen6969123414910"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">COUNT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">count</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">11158087</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section198975405920"><h4 class="sectiontitle">count(*)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p0873140697">Description: Number of input rows</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p987414017913">Return type: bigint</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p138741340499">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen9874134019915"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">COUNT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">count</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">11745000</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section162711463918"><h4 class="sectiontitle">array_agg(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1625024619918">Description: Input values, including nulls, concatenated into an array The input parameters of the function do not support the array format.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p202503463919">Return type: array of the argument type</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p325044610917">Examples:</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p202506468911">Create the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b19644625155612">employeeinfo</strong> table and insert data into the table:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen425020461492"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">empno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">smallint</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">job</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hiredate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">smallint</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7155</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'JACK'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'SALESMAN'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2018-12-01'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7003</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'TOM'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'FINANCE'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2016-06-15'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7357</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'MAX'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'SALESMAN'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2020-10-01'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">empno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">job</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hiredate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span>
<span class="c1">-------+-------+----------+---------------------+--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7155</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JACK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SALESMAN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2018</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7357</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SALESMAN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7003</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FINANCE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2016</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">06</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p112509469910">Query the names of all employees in the department whose ID is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b8267172735618">30</strong>:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen1325019463915"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">array_agg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">where</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">array_agg</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">JACK</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">MAX</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p4250114615919">Query all employees in the same department:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen202511461899"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">array_agg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">group</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">array_agg</span>
<span class="c1">--------+------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">JACK</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">MAX</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">TOM</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">distinct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">array_agg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">OVER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">array_agg</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">TOM</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="n">JACK</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">MAX</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p72519461590">Query all department IDs and deduplicate them:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen1225118463919"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">array_agg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">distinct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">group</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">array_agg</span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p82515460917">Sort the deduplicated department IDs in descending order:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen8251646196"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">array_agg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">distinct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">desc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">array_agg</span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section739195413920"><h4 class="sectiontitle">string_agg(expression, delimiter)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p11371754991">Description: Input values concatenated into a string, separated by delimiter</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p11371165414914">Return type: same as the argument type</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1237112544913">Examples:</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p133714543911">Query all employees in the same department based on the created table <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b16348152112214">employeeinfo</strong>:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen737265415913"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string_agg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">','</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">group</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string_agg</span>
<span class="c1">--------+------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JACK</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">MAX</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOM</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p737215541596">Query employees whose work IDs are smaller than 7156:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen43721554595"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string_agg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">','</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employeeinfo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">where</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">empno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7156</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string_agg</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOM</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">JACK</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section192814041015"><h4 class="sectiontitle">listagg(expression [, delimiter]) WITHIN GROUP(ORDER BY order-list)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p119921259196">Description: Aggregation column data sorted according to the mode specified by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b10701105352018">WITHIN GROUP</strong>, and concatenated to a string using the specified delimiter</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__ul9992259891"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li39921859990"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b5993154918217">expression</strong>: Mandatory. It specifies an aggregation column name or a column-based, valid expression. It does not support the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1155873812225">DISTINCT</strong> keyword and the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1527490227">VARIADIC</strong> parameter.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li1199213591696"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1896410132315">delimiter</strong>: Optional. It specifies a delimiter, which can be a string constant or a deterministic expression based on a group of columns. The default value is empty.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li1199255916915"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1389992019325">order-list</strong>: Mandatory. It specifies the sorting mode in a group.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p9992105917916">Return type: text</p>
<div class="note" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__note169929591692"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p299211591097"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b11429163513211">listagg</strong> is a column-to-row aggregation function, compatible with Oracle Database 11g Release 2. You can specify the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1271444143413">OVER</strong> clause as a window function. When <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b164162293811">listagg</strong> is used as a window function, the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b9324194883811">OVER</strong> clause does not support the window sorting or framework of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b59120183920">ORDER BY</strong>, so as to avoid ambiguity in <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b642783593719">listagg</strong> and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b19904483369">ORDER BY</strong> of the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b0277115111361">WITHIN GROUP</strong> clause.</p>
</div></div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p79925593911">Examples:</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p16992185912917">The aggregation column is of the text character set type:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen1099312596910"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">listagg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">','</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WITHIN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employees</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">emp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employees</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------+--------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CLARK</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">KING</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">MILLER</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ADAMS</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">FORD</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">JONES</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">SCOTT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">SMITH</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ALLEN</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">BLAKE</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">JAMES</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">MARTIN</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">TURNER</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">WARD</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p399313595915">The aggregation column is of the integer type:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen89931559192"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">listagg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mgrno</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">','</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WITHIN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mgrno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">NULLS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FIRST</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mgrnos</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">emp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mgrnos</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------+-------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7782</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7839</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7566</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7566</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7788</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7839</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7902</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7839</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p79941059896">The aggregation column is of the floating point type:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen1499513591397"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span>
<span class="normal">8</span>
<span class="normal">9</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">job</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">listagg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bonus</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'($); '</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WITHIN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bonus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DESC</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'($)'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bonus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">emp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">job</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">job</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bonus</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------+-------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CLERK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10234</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">21</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2000</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">80</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1100</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">22</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PRESIDENT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">23011</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">88</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ANALYST</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2002</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1001</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MANAGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2399</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">999</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SALESMAN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">899</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">99</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">99</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p119951559498">The aggregation column is of the time type:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen159950591196"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">listagg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hiredate</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">', '</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WITHIN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hiredate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DESC</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hiredates</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">emp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hiredates</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1982</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">23</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1981</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">17</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1981</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">06</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2001</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">04</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1999</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">17</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1987</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">05</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">23</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1987</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">04</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">19</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1981</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">03</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2015</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2010</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">22</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1997</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">28</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1981</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">03</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1981</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">08</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1981</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">05</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p19995165911911">The aggregation column is of the time interval type:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen1399614591392"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">listagg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vacationTime</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'; '</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WITHIN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vacationTime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DESC</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vacationTime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">emp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vacationtime</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">year</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">40</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">70</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">36</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">year</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mon</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mons</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">06</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">24</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p169966599911">By default, the delimiter is empty:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen14996659790"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">listagg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">job</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WITHIN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">job</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jobs</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">emp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jobs</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------+----------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CLERKMANAGERPRESIDENT</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ANALYSTANALYSTCLERKCLERKMANAGER</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CLERKMANAGERSALESMANSALESMANSALESMANSALESMAN</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p79962591299">When <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b19439183652618">listagg</strong> is used as a window function, the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1044043672619">OVER</strong> clause does not support the window sorting of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b11440123620264">ORDER BY</strong>, and the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b14440163615262">listagg</strong> column is an ordered aggregation of the corresponding groups.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen179979593918"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span>
<span class="normal">17</span>
<span class="normal">18</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mgrno</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bonus</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">listagg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'; '</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WITHIN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hiredate</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">OVER</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employees</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">emp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mgrno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bonus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">employees</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------+-------+----------+-------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7839</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CLARK</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">KING</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MILLER</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">23011</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">88</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CLARK</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">KING</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MILLER</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7782</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10234</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">21</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CLARK</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">KING</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MILLER</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7566</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2002</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FORD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SCOTT</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ADAMS</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SMITH</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JONES</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7566</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1001</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FORD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SCOTT</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ADAMS</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SMITH</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JONES</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7788</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1100</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FORD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SCOTT</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ADAMS</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SMITH</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JONES</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7902</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2000</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">80</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FORD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SCOTT</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ADAMS</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SMITH</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JONES</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7839</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">999</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FORD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SCOTT</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ADAMS</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SMITH</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JONES</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7839</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2399</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BLAKE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TURNER</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JAMES</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MARTIN</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WARD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ALLEN</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BLAKE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TURNER</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JAMES</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MARTIN</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WARD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ALLEN</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">22</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BLAKE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TURNER</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JAMES</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MARTIN</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WARD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ALLEN</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">99</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">99</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BLAKE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TURNER</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JAMES</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MARTIN</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WARD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ALLEN</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BLAKE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TURNER</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JAMES</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MARTIN</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WARD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ALLEN</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">899</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BLAKE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TURNER</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JAMES</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MARTIN</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WARD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ALLEN</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">14</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section852151141016"><h4 class="sectiontitle">group_concat(expression [ORDER BY {col_name | expr} [ASC | DESC]] [SEPARATOR str_val])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1934311151016">Description: concatenates the specified <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b4167172925111">str_val</strong> delimiters used by column data into a string. The concatenation uses a sorting method that must be specified by the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b783764112538">ORDER BY</strong> clause. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1222151925411">ORDER BY 1</strong> is not allowed.</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__ul254974682616"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li4550194692619"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b14922120164912">expression</strong>: (mandatory) specifies a column name or a column-based valid expression. It does not support the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1830340998">DISTINCT</strong> keyword or the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1551386325">VARIADIC</strong> parameter.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li255064618266"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b20195183119489">str_val</strong>: (optional) specifies a delimiter, which can be a string constant or a deterministic expression based on grouped columns. The default value indicates that commas (,) are used as delimiters.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p163421118107">Return type: text</p>
<div class="note" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__note193581117101"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p635411141014">The group_concat function is supported only in 8.1.2 or later.</p>
</div></div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p335141161017">Examples:</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p83551151016">The default delimiter is a comma (,).</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen1135101131020"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">group_concat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sname</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">group_concat_test</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">group_concat</span>
<span class="c1">------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ADAMS</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">FORD</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">JONES</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">KING</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">MILLER</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">SCOTT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">SMITH</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p8351711131018">Delimiters can be customized for the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b125838718482">group_concat</strong> function.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen73521161010"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">group_concat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sname</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">separator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">';'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">group_concat_test</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">group_concat</span>
<span class="c1">------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ADAMS</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">FORD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">JONES</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">KING</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">MILLER</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">SCOTT</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">SMITH</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p23514116101">The <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1348491625611">group_concat</strong> function supports the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b0403182255619">ORDER BY</strong> clause, which concatenates column data in sequence.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen5361111131020"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">group_concat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sname</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">snumber</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">separator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">';'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">group_concat_test</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">group_concat</span>
<span class="c1">------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MILLER</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">FORD</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">SCOTT</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">SMITH</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">KING</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">JONES</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">ADAMS</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section18864182301017"><h4 class="sectiontitle">covar_pop(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1186312233106">Description: Overall covariance</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p208635233109">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p4864152311109">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen108645235109"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">COVAR_POP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">covar_pop</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">829</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">749627587403</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section138921719171015"><h4 class="sectiontitle">covar_samp(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p28741019111018">Description: Sample covariance</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1687481961012">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1874719191010">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen08759198102"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">COVAR_SAMP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">covar_samp</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">830</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">052235037289</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section17823929121018"><h4 class="sectiontitle">stddev_pop(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p198051029181020">Description: Overall standard difference</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p107311473411">If the input parameter type is DOUBLE PRECISION, it accepts values from 1.34E-154 to 1.34E+154. Values outside this range cause the "value out of range: overflow" error. To avoid this, use the cast function to change the column type to numeric.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p20805229191014">Return type: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b842352706171323">double precision</strong> for floating-point arguments, otherwise <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b842352706171327">numeric</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p138051294108">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen5805029121011"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">STDDEV_POP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inv_warehouse_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stddev_pop</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">289</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">224294957556</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section165731134161015"><h4 class="sectiontitle">stddev_samp(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p15591934131016">Description: Sample standard deviation of the input values</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1590612593413">If the input parameter type is DOUBLE PRECISION, it accepts values from 1.34E-154 to 1.34E+154. Values outside this range cause the "value out of range: overflow" error. To avoid this, use the cast function to change the column type to numeric.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p35591034191014">Return type: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1571523589">double precision</strong> for floating-point arguments, otherwise <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b722350071">numeric</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p10559234161013">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen15591334121020"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">STDDEV_SAMP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inv_warehouse_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stddev_samp</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">289</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">224359757315</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section644814071020"><h4 class="sectiontitle">var_pop(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1543334014107">Description: Population variance of the input values (square of the population standard deviation)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p151006271853">If the input parameter type is DOUBLE PRECISION, it accepts values from 1.34E-154 to 1.34E+154. Values outside this range cause the "value out of range: overflow" error. To avoid this, use the cast function to change the column type to numeric.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1743364016103">Return type: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b2030375891">double precision</strong> for floating-point arguments, otherwise <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b747334676">numeric</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p17433164051018">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen3433540141013"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">VAR_POP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inv_warehouse_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">var_pop</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">83650</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">692793695475</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section16208184518109"><h4 class="sectiontitle">var_samp(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p41951845131016">Description: Sample variance of the input values (square of the sample standard deviation)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p196281838853">If the input parameter type is DOUBLE PRECISION, it accepts values from 1.34E-154 to 1.34E+154. Values outside this range cause the "value out of range: overflow" error. To avoid this, use the cast function to change the column type to numeric.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p19195104514104">Return type: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b571830171">double precision</strong> for floating-point arguments, otherwise <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b51713751">numeric</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p619514591018">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen111961345101018"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">VAR_SAMP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inv_warehouse_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">var_samp</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">83650</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">730277028768</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section13862164919101"><h4 class="sectiontitle">bit_and(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1084854910108">Description: The bitwise AND of all non-null input values, or null if none</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p19848174917108">Return type: same as the argument type</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p784834991019">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen2084814941017"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BIT_AND</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inv_warehouse_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bit_and</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section6680154171020"><h4 class="sectiontitle">bit_or(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p0669854201020">Description: The bitwise OR of all non-null input values, or null if none</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p16669115471010">Return type: same as the argument type</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1866925412109">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen6670165491013"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BIT_OR</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inv_warehouse_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bit_or</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1023</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section12954135816107"><h4 class="sectiontitle">bool_and(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p16941058151012">Description: Its value is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b84235270620314">true</strong> if all input values are <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b84235270620320">true</strong>, otherwise <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b84235270620321">false</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p16941185841013">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1941558181013">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen9942958121020"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bool_and</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="mi">2500</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bool_and</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section2932842114"><h4 class="sectiontitle">bool_or(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p14923541111">Description: Its value is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b84235270620324">true</strong> if at least one input value is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b84235270620326">true</strong>, otherwise <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b84235270620327">false</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p139231443115">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p2092317413118">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen7924044114"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bool_or</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="mi">2500</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bool_or</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section9721596111"><h4 class="sectiontitle">corr(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p14709189181112">Description: Correlation coefficient</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p107093916110">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1271013915111">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen7710095113"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CORR</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">corr</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">0381383624904186</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section162441314121117"><h4 class="sectiontitle">every(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p152351114161120">Description: Equivalent to <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b842352706101327">bool_and</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p823511411119">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p15235914201112">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen112368146115"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">every</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="mi">2500</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">every</span>
<span class="c1">-------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section16443101841115"><h4 class="sectiontitle">rank(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p3435141851117">Description: The tuples in different groups are sorted non-consecutively by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b842352706172358">expression</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1643571811112">Return type: bigint</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p11435518161110">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen174373183117"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span>
<span class="normal">17</span>
<span class="normal">18</span>
<span class="normal">19</span>
<span class="normal">20</span>
<span class="normal">21</span>
<span class="normal">22</span>
<span class="normal">23</span>
<span class="normal">24</span>
<span class="normal">25</span>
<span class="normal">26</span>
<span class="normal">27</span>
<span class="normal">28</span>
<span class="normal">29</span>
<span class="normal">30</span>
<span class="normal">31</span>
<span class="normal">32</span>
<span class="normal">33</span>
<span class="normal">34</span>
<span class="normal">35</span>
<span class="normal">36</span>
<span class="normal">37</span>
<span class="normal">38</span>
<span class="normal">39</span>
<span class="normal">40</span>
<span class="normal">41</span>
<span class="normal">42</span>
<span class="normal">43</span>
<span class="normal">44</span>
<span class="normal">45</span>
<span class="normal">46</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d_moy</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d_fy_week_seq</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rank</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">OVER</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PARTITION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d_moy</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d_fy_week_seq</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">date_dim</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d_moy</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AND</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d_fy_week_seq</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d_moy</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d_fy_week_seq</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rank</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------+---------------+------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">15</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">15</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">15</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">15</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">15</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">15</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">15</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">22</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">22</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">22</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">22</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">22</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">22</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">22</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">29</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">29</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">42</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section2072112371111"><h4 class="sectiontitle">regr_avgx(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1713823201113">Description: Average of the independent variable (<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b84235270617252">sum(X)/N</strong>)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p771352301113">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p15713623161115">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen2714172391110"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">REGR_AVGX</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">regr_avgx</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">578</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">606576740795</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section8436192712118"><h4 class="sectiontitle">regr_avgy(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p12428192761113">Description: Average of the dependent variable (<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b84235270617262">sum(Y)/N</strong>)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p124281827101117">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p164282027151110">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen1442818276119"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">REGR_AVGY</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">regr_avgy</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">0136711629602</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section19619183731118"><h4 class="sectiontitle">regr_count(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p458613721115">Description: Number of input rows in which both expressions are non-null</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1358693715113">Return type: bigint</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p135861237181116">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen1158623712113"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">REGR_COUNT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">regr_count</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2743</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section1561720411113"><h4 class="sectiontitle">regr_intercept(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p26111941201119">Description: y-intercept of the least-squares-fit linear equation determined by the (X, Y) pairs</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p20611134151118">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p6611134118110">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen6612141191115"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">REGR_INTERCEPT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">regr_intercept</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">49</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">2040847848607</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section1655144617110"><h4 class="sectiontitle">regr_r2(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p35018467119">Description: Square of the correlation coefficient</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p165014463118">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p8507465118">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen350104616111"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">REGR_R2</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">regr_r2</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00145453469345058</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section2342175091111"><h4 class="sectiontitle">regr_slope(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p203351350131115">Description: Slope of the least-squares-fit linear equation determined by the (X, Y) pairs</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1833513508115">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p43351950151119">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen3336175016115"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">REGR_SLOPE</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">regr_slope</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00139920009665259</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section794111546118"><h4 class="sectiontitle">regr_sxx(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1993716549112">Description: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b842352706182734">sum(X^2) - sum(X)^2/N </strong>(sum of squares of the independent variables)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p9937195421113">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p493795451120">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen19371054121114"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">REGR_SXX</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">regr_sxx</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1626645991</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">46135</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section1381635841118"><h4 class="sectiontitle">regr_sxy(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p20812125881118">Description: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b842352706182842">sum(X*Y) - sum(X) * sum(Y)/N</strong> ("sum of products" of independent times dependent variable)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p18812175812113">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1481225818118">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen1981265851118"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">REGR_SXY</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">regr_sxy</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2276003</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">22847225</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section1346614219126"><h4 class="sectiontitle">regr_syy(Y, X)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p9462424129">Description: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b6161509912">sum(Y^2) - sum(Y)^2/N</strong> ("sum of squares" of the dependent variable)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p15462152181217">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p13462152201219">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen646318217128"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">REGR_SYY</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sr_fee</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_net_loss</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">store_returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sr_customer_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">regr_syy</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-----------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2189417</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">6547314</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section1424812631213"><h4 class="sectiontitle">stddev(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1424416619125">Description: Alias of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b84235270610143">stddev_samp</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1691854262">If the input parameter type is DOUBLE PRECISION, it accepts values from 1.34E-154 to 1.34E+154. Values outside this range cause the "value out of range: overflow" error. To avoid this, use the cast function to change the column type to numeric.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p152441064123">Return type: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1033210266">double precision</strong> for floating-point arguments, otherwise <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b291947001">numeric</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p16244186111216">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen32443611127"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">STDDEV</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inv_warehouse_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stddev</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">289</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">224359757315</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section6879499125"><h4 class="sectiontitle">variance(expexpression,ression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p208772941213">Description: Alias of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b842352706101415">var_samp</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1143910231611">If the input parameter type is DOUBLE PRECISION, it accepts values from 1.34E-154 to 1.34E+154. Values outside this range cause the "value out of range: overflow" error. To avoid this, use the cast function to change the column type to numeric.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p98775911129">Return type: <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b2143077035">double precision</strong> for floating-point arguments, otherwise <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1895172108">numeric</strong></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p4877149181213">Examples:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen198771593125"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">VARIANCE</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inv_warehouse_sk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">variance</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">83650</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">730277028768</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__section21572013111220"><h4 class="sectiontitle">checksum(expression)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p191557136120">Description: Returns the CHECKSUM value of all input values. This function can be used to check whether the data in the tables before and after <span id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__text1157613374">GaussDB(DWS)</span> data restoration or migration is the same. Other databases cannot be checked by using this function. Before and after database backup, database restoration, or data migration, you need to manually run SQL commands to obtain the execution results. Compare the obtained execution results to check whether the data in the tables before and after the backup or migration is the same.</p>
<div class="note" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__note815641311128"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__ul1015616136120"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li915514133129">For large tables, the CHECKSUM function may take a long time.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li9155101311129">If the CHECKSUM values of two tables are different, it indicates that the contents of the two tables are different. Using the hash function in the CHECKSUM function may incur conflicts. There is low possibility that two tables with different contents may have the same CHECKSUM value. The same problem may occur when CHECKSUM is used for columns.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li11565134121">If the time type is timestamp, timestamptz, or smalldatetime, ensure that the time zone settings are the same when calculating the CHECKSUM value.</li></ul>
</div></div>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__ul8156151310121"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li10156111311219">If the CHECKSUM value of a column is calculated and the column type can be changed to TEXT by default, set <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__i84235269719124">expression</em> to the column name.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li4156111320126">If the CHECKSUM value of a column is calculated and the column type cannot be changed to TEXT by default, set <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__i154976923319139">expression</em> to <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__i84235269719210">Column name</em><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b84235270619216">::TEXT</strong>.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__li1315661316126">If the CHECKSUM value of all columns is calculated, set <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__i88229310819239">expression</em> to <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__i83230493119239">Table name</em><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b191114723119239">::TEXT</strong>.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p5156813151216">The following types of data can be converted into TEXT types by default: char, name, int8, int2, int1, int4, raw, pg_node_tree, float4, float8, bpchar, varchar, nvarchar2, date, timestamp, timestamptz, numeric, and smalldatetime. Other types need to be forcibly converted to TEXT.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p41566132122">Return type: numeric</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p191561913101213">Examples:</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p1615681320123">The following shows the CHECKSUM value of a column that can be converted to the TEXT type by default:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen815612131128"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CHECKSUM</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">checksum</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">24417258945265247</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p115611361213">CHECKSUM value of a column that cannot be converted to the TEXT type by default (Note that the CHECKSUM parameter is <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__i1726314117271">column_name</em><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b1283515102716">::TEXT</strong>):</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen1815761311128"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CHECKSUM</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inv_quantity_on_hand</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="nb">TEXT</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">checksum</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">24417258945265247</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__p615771311124">The following shows the CHECKSUM value of all columns in a table. Note that the CHECKSUM parameter is set to <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__i4332565291993">Table name</em><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__b7829950701993">::TEXT</strong>. The table name is not modified by its schema.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001233708713__screen1015751319126"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CHECKSUM</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="nb">TEXT</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tpcds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">checksum</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">25223696246875800</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="familylinks">
<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="dws_06_0027.html">Functions and Operators</a></div>
</div>
</div>
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