Creating a Cluster

To use cloud GaussDB(DWS), create a data warehouse cluster first.

This section describes how to create a data warehouse cluster on the GaussDB(DWS) console.

Preparations Before Creating a Cluster

Creating a Cluster

  1. Log in to the GaussDB(DWS) console.
  2. In the navigation pane on the left, choose Clusters > Dedicated Clusters.
  3. On the Cluster page, click Create GaussDB(DWS) Cluster.
  4. Choose Region and select the actual working region of the cluster node.
  5. Select an AZ. You can select Single AZ or Multi-AZ as required.

    For more information, see Learn How to Select a GaussDB(DWS) Region and AZ.

    • Multi-AZ clusters are supported only by clusters of version 8.2.0.100 or later.
    • The Multi-AZ option is displayed only if the number of AZs in the selected region is greater than or equal to 3. If this condition is not met, only a single-AZ cluster can be created.
    • For a multi-AZ cluster, only three AZs can be selected at a time so far. Server nodes are evenly distributed among the three AZs.
    • The multi-AZ cluster supports only DWS 2.0 standard data warehouses.
    • The numbers of nodes in a multi-AZ cluster must be a multiple of 3.
    • In a multi-AZ cluster, the number of DNs must be less than or equal to 2.

  6. Configure Resource, CPU Architecture, and Node Flavor.

    Table 1 Node configuration parameters

    Parameter

    Description

    Example Value

    Resource

    Product type. It can be:

    • Standard data warehouse: It can analyze hot and cold data and is highly cost-effective. Its storage and computing resources are not limited, and can be elastically scaled and billed per use. It is suitable for the converged analysis that requires integrated databases, warehouses, marts, and lakes. It is most suitable for OLAP workloads.

    Standard

    Compute Resource

    It can be:

    • ECS: ECS is a scalable virtual block storage service built on a distributed architecture. It boasts high data reliability and robust I/O throughput, ensuring that data can be swiftly migrated and restored in the event of any backup failure. This helps prevent data loss resulting from hardware failures. Backup and restoration can be performed on ECSs and EVS disks. You can configure automatic backup policies for them.

    -

    Storage Type

    It can be:

    • Cloud SSD

    -

    CPU Architecture

    The CPU architecture includes:

    • x86

    -

    Node Flavor

    Select the desired node flavor based on service requirements. Each node flavor displays the vCPU, memory, and recommended application scenario.

    dws.m3.xlarge

    Hot storage

    Available storage capacity of each node.

    NOTE:
    • The storage capacity you apply for has the necessary file system overhead, which includes index nodes and the space required for database running. The storage space must be an integer multiple of 100.
    • 200 GB per node is the actual storage capacity for service data. For example, if the number of nodes is set to 3, the total resource capacity is 600 GB.
    • By default, tablespaces are automatically created when you configure cold and hot data storage. You do not need to manually create tablespaces. This feature is supported only in clusters of 8.1.3 and later versions.

    -

    Cold storage

    You are advised to store cold data in OBS.

    -

    Nodes

    Specify the number of nodes in the cluster.

    The number of nodes ranges from 3 to 256.

    3

    Total

    Displays the total capacity of a cluster.

    The storage capacity of each flavor is the actual database space used for storing data. The displayed storage capacity has deducted the disk space consumed by backups and RAIDs.

    -

  7. Click Next: Configure Network.
  8. Configure the network.

    Table 2 Network parameters

    Parameter

    Description

    Example Value

    VPC

    Specify a virtual private network for nodes in a cluster to isolate networks of different services.

    If you create a data warehouse cluster for the first time and have not configured the VPC, click View VPC. On the VPC management console that is displayed, create a VPC that satisfies your needs.

    For details about how to create a VPC, see "VPC and Subnet > Creating a VPC" in the Virtual Private Cloud User Guide.

    After selecting a VPC from the drop-down list, click View VPC to enter the VPC management console and view the detailed information about the VPC.

    You can click to refresh the options in the VPC drop-down list.

    vpc-dws

    Subnet

    Specify a VPC subnet.

    A subnet provides dedicated network resources that are isolated from other networks, improving network security.

    NOTE:

    After a cluster is created, the subnet cannot be modified. If you need to modify the subnet, you can restore the snapshot of the cluster to a new cluster. The data of the new cluster is the same as that of the old cluster, and the subnet can be modified when the new cluster is created.

    subnet-dws

    Security Group

    Specify a VPC security group.

    A security group restricts access rules to enhance security when GaussDB(DWS) and other services access each other.

    • Automatic creation

      If Automatic creation is selected, the system automatically creates a default security group. This option is selected by default.

      The rule of the default security group is as follows: The outbound allows all access requests, while the inbound is open only to the database port that you set to connect to the GaussDB(DWS) cluster.

      The format of the default security group name is dws-<Cluster_name>-<Cluster_database_port>, for example, dws-dws-demo-8000.

      NOTE:

      If the quotas of the security group and the security group rule are insufficient, an error message will be displayed after you submit the cluster creation application. Select an existing group and retry.

    • Manual creation

      You can also log in to the VPC management console to manually create a security group. Then, go back to the page for creating data warehouse clusters, click next to the Security Group drop-down list to refresh the page, and select the new security group.

      To enable the GaussDB(DWS) client to connect to the cluster, you need to add an inbound rule to the new security group to grant the access permission to the database port of the GaussDB(DWS) cluster. The following is an example of an inbound rule..

      • Protocol: TCP
      • Port: 8000. Use the database port set when creating the GaussDB(DWS) cluster. This port is used for receiving client connections to GaussDB(DWS).
      • Source: Select IP address and use the host IP address of the client host, for example, 192.168.0.10/32.

      After a GaussDB(DWS) cluster is created, you can change the security group. You can also add, delete, or modify security group rules in the current security group. For details, see Modifying a Security Group. Changing the security group of a cluster may cause brief service disruption. Exercise caution when performing this operation. For better network performance, do not select more than five security groups.

    Automatic creation

    Public Network Access

    Specify whether users can use a client to connect to a cluster's database over the Internet. The following methods are supported:

    • Do not use: The EIP is not required.
    • Automatically assign: Users specify the bandwidth of the EIP and the system automatically assigns an EIP that exclusively uses bandwidth to each cluster so that users can use the EIP to access the cluster over the Internet. The bandwidth name of an automatically assigned EIP starts with the cluster name.
    • Specify: A specified EIP is bound to the cluster. If no available EIPs are displayed in the drop-down list, click Create EIP to go to the Elastic IP page and create an EIP that satisfies your needs. You can set the bandwidth as needed.
    NOTE:
    • If you use the EIP binding function for the first time in each project of each region, the system prompts you to create the DWSAccessVPC agency to authorize GaussDB(DWS) to access VPC. After the authorization is successful, GaussDB(DWS) can switch to a healthy VM when the VM bound with the EIP becomes faulty.
    • By default, only cloud accounts or users with Security Administrator permissions can query and create agencies. By default, the IAM users in those accounts cannot query or create agencies. When the users use the EIP, the system makes the binding function unavailable. Contact a user with the DWS Administrator permissions to authorize the agency on the current page.
    • Do not use indicates disabling access to the cluster over the public network. After a cluster is created, if you want to access it over the public network, bind an EIP to the cluster and create a public network domain name. For details, see Creating a Public Network Domain Name.

    Automatically assign

    ELB

    Specifies whether ELB is bound. With ELB health checks, CN requests of a cluster can be quickly forwarded to normal CNs. If a CN is faulty, the workload can be immediately shifted to a healthy node, minimizing cluster access faults.

    • Do not use: The load balancer is not used.
    • Specify: Specify an ELB to be bound to the cluster. If no available load balancers are displayed in the drop-down list, click Create ELB to go to the Elastic Load Balance page and create a load balancer as needed.

    Specify

    Bandwidth

    When EIP is set to Automatically assign, you need to specify the bandwidth of the EIP, which ranges from 1 Mbit/s to 100 Mbit/s.

    50Mbit/s

  9. Click Next: Configure Advanced Settings.
  10. Configure cluster parameters.

    Table 3 Cluster parameters

    Parameter

    Description

    Example Value

    Cluster Name

    Set the name of the data warehouse cluster.

    The cluster name contains 4 to 64 case-insensitive characters and must start with a letter. Only letters, digits, hyphens (-), and underscores (_) are allowed.

    NOTE:

    If the cluster name cannot be changed on the console, contact technical support.

    dws-demo

    Cluster Version

    Displays the version of the database instance installed in the cluster. The example version number is for reference only.

    -

    Default Database

    The default database name of the cluster is gaussdb.

    NOTE:

    This name cannot be changed.

    gaussdb

    Administrator Account

    Set the database administrator name.

    The administrator username must:

    • Consist of lowercase letters, digits, or underscores.
    • Start with a lowercase letter or an underscore.
    • Contain 6 to 64 characters.
    • Cannot be a keyword of the GaussDB(DWS) database. For details about the keywords of the GaussDB(DWS) database, see "SQL Reference > Keyword" in the Data Warehouse Service (DWS) Developer Guide.

    dbadmin

    Administrator Password

    Set the password of the database administrator account.

    The password complexity requirements are as follows:
    • Consists of 12 to 32 characters.
    • Cannot be the username or the username spelled backwards.
    • Must contain at least three of the following character types: uppercase letters, lowercase letters, digits, and special characters (~!?,.:;_(){}[]/<>@#%^&*+|\=-)
    • Passes the weak password check.
    NOTE:

    Change the password regularly and keep it secure.

    -

    Confirm Password

    Enter the database administrator password again.

    -

    Database Port

    Specify the port used when the client or application connects to the database in the cluster.

    The port number ranges from 8000 to 30000.

    NOTE:

    The database port of a created cluster cannot be changed. You can specify the database port only when creating a cluster.

    8000

    Time Zone

    You can set the time zone for the tenant cluster, including the system OS time zone and cluster data warehouse time zone.

    -

  11. Configure the enterprise project to which the cluster belongs. You can configure this parameter only when the Enterprise Project Management service is enabled. The default value is default.

    An enterprise project facilitates project-level management and grouping of cloud resources and users.

    You can select the default enterprise project default or other existing enterprise projects.

  12. Configure advanced settings. Select Default to keep the default values of the advanced parameters. You can also select Custom to modify the values.

    • CNs

      CNs, or Coordinators, receive access requests from the clients and return the execution results. They also split and distribute tasks to the Datanodes (DNs) for parallel execution.

      The value ranges from 3 to the number of cluster nodes. The maximum value is 20 and the default value is 3. In a large-scale cluster, you are advised to deploy multiple CNs.

    • Tag

      A tag is a key-value pair used to identify a cluster. For details about the keys and values, see Table 4. By default, no tag is added to the cluster.

      For more information about tags, see Overview.

      Table 4 Tag parameters

      Parameter

      Description

      Example Value

      Key

      The options are as follows:

      • Select a predefined tag key or an existing resource tag key from the drop-down list of the text box.
        NOTE:

        To add a predefined tag, you need to create one on TMS and select it from the drop-down list of Tag key. You can click View predefined tags to enter the Predefined Tags page of TMS. Then, click Create Tag to create a predefined tag. For more information, see "Predefined Tags" > "Creating Predefined Tags" in the Tag Management Service User Guide.

      • Enter a tag key in the text box. A tag key can contain a maximum of 36 characters. It cannot be an empty string or start or end with a space.
        The value cannot contain the following characters: =*<>\,|/
        NOTE:

        A key must be unique in a given cluster.

      key01

      Value

      You can select:

      • Select a predefined tag value or resource tag value from the drop-down list of the text box.
      • Enter a tag value in the text box. A tag value can contain a maximum of 43 characters, which can be an empty string. It cannot start or end with a space.

        The value cannot contain the following characters: =*<>\,|/

      value01

  13. Click Next: Confirm.
  14. Click Create Now.

    After the submission is successful, the creation starts. Click Back to Cluster List. The cluster management page is displayed. The initial status of the cluster is Creating. Cluster creation takes some time. Wait for a while. Clusters in the Available state are ready for use.

Parent topic: Creating a Dedicated Cluster