Using an Existing SFS File System Through a Static PV

Prerequisites

• You have created a cluster and installed the CCE Container Storage (Everest) add-on in the cluster.
• Before creating a cluster using commands, ensure kubectl is used to access the cluster. For details, see Connecting to a Cluster Using kubectl.
• You have created an SFS file system that is in the same VPC as the cluster.

Constraints

• Multiple PVs can use the same SFS or SFS Turbo file system with the following restrictions:
  • Do not mount all PVCs/PVs that use the same underlying SFS or SFS Turbo file system to a pod. This leads to a pod startup failure because not all PVCs can be mounted to the pod due to the same volumeHandle values of these PVs.
  • The persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy parameter in the PVs is suggested to be set to Retain. Otherwise, when a PV is deleted, the associated underlying volume may be deleted. In this case, other PVs associated with the underlying volume malfunction.
  • When the underlying volume is repeatedly used, enable isolation and protection for ReadWriteMany at the application layer to prevent data overwriting and loss.

Using an Existing SFS File System on the Console

1. Log in to the CCE console and click the cluster name to access the cluster console.
2. Statically create a PVC and PV.
   1. Choose Storage in the navigation pane and click the PVCs tab. Click Create PVC in the upper right corner. In the dialog box displayed, configure the PVC parameters.

      Parameter	Description
      PVC Type	In this example, select SFS.
      PVC Name	Enter the PVC name, which must be unique in the same namespace.
      Creation Method	If underlying storage is available, create a storage volume or use an existing storage volume to statically create a PVC based on whether a PV is available. If no underlying storage is available, select Dynamically provision. For details, see Using an SFS File System Through a Dynamic PV. In this example, select Create new to create a PV and PVC at the same time on the console.
      PVa	Select an existing PV in the cluster. Create a PV in advance. For details, see "Creating a storage volume" in Related Operations. You do not need to specify this parameter in this example.
      SFSb	Click Select SFS. On the displayed page, select the SFS file system that meets your requirements and click OK. NOTE: Currently, only SFS 3.0 Capacity-Oriented is supported.
      PV Nameb	Enter the PV name, which must be unique in the same cluster.
      Access Modeb	SFS volumes support only ReadWriteMany, indicating that a storage volume can be mounted to multiple nodes in read/write mode. For details, see Volume Access Modes.
      Reclaim Policyb	You can select Delete or Retain to specify the reclaim policy of the underlying storage when the PVC is deleted. For details, see PV Reclaim Policy. NOTE: If multiple PVs use the same underlying storage volume, use Retain to avoid cascading deletion of underlying volumes.
      Mount Optionsb	Enter the mounting parameter key-value pairs. For details, see Configuring SFS Volume Mount Options.

      

      a: The parameter is available when Creation Method is set to Use existing.

      b: The parameter is available when Creation Method is set to Create new.

   2. Click Create to create a PVC and a PV.

      You can choose Storage in the navigation pane and view the created PVC and PV on the PVCs and PVs tab pages, respectively.

3. Create an application.
   1. In the navigation pane on the left, click Workloads. In the right pane, click the Deployments tab.
   2. Click Create Workload in the upper right corner. On the displayed page, click Data Storage in the Container Settings area and click Add Volume to select PVC.
      Mount and use storage volumes, as shown in Table 1. For details about other parameters, see Workloads.

      Table 1 Mounting a storage volume

      Parameter	Description
      PVC	Select an existing SFS volume.
      Mount Path	Enter a mount path, for example, /tmp. This parameter indicates the container path to which a data volume will be mounted. Do not mount the volume to a system directory such as / or /var/run. Otherwise, containers will be malfunctional. Mount the volume to an empty directory. If the directory is not empty, ensure that there are no files that affect container startup. Otherwise, the files will be replaced, causing container startup failures or workload creation failures. NOTICE: If a volume is mounted to a high-risk directory, use an account with minimum permissions to start the container. Otherwise, high-risk files on the host machine may be damaged.
      Subpath	Enter the subpath of the storage volume and mount a path in the storage volume to the container. In this way, different folders of the same storage volume can be used in a single pod. tmp, for example, indicates that data in the mount path of the container is stored in the tmp folder of the storage volume. If this parameter is left blank, the root path is used by default.
      Permission	Read-only: You can only read the data in the mounted volumes. Read/Write: You can modify the data volumes mounted to the path. Newly written data will not be migrated if the container is migrated, which may cause data loss.

      In this example, the disk is mounted to the /data path of the container. The container data generated in this path is stored in the SFS file system.

   3. After the configuration, click Create Workload.

      After the workload is created, the data in the container mount directory will be persistently stored. Verify the storage by referring to Verifying Data Persistence and Sharing.

(kubectl) Using an Existing SFS File System

1. Use kubectl to access the cluster.
2. Create a PV.
   1. Create the pv-sfs.yaml file.
      SFS Capacity-Oriented:

      apiVersion: v1
      kind: PersistentVolume
      metadata:
        annotations:
          pv.kubernetes.io/provisioned-by: everest-csi-provisioner
          everest.io/reclaim-policy: retain-volume-only      # (Optional) The PV is deleted while the underlying volume is retained.
        name: pv-sfs    # PV name.
      spec:
        accessModes:
        - ReadWriteMany      # Access mode. The value must be ReadWriteMany for SFS.
        capacity:
          storage: 1Gi     # SFS volume capacity.
        csi:
          driver: disk.csi.everest.io   # Dependent storage driver for the mounting.
          fsType: nfs
          volumeHandle: <your_volume_id>   # SFS Capacity-Oriented volume ID.
          volumeAttributes:
            everest.io/share-export-location: <your_location>  # Shared path of the SFS volume.
            storage.kubernetes.io/csiProvisionerIdentity: everest-csi-provisioner
        persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain    # Reclaim policy.
        storageClassName: csi-nas               # Storage class name. csi-nas indicates that SFS Capacity-Oriented is used.
        mountOptions: []                         # Mount options.

      Table 2 Key parameters

      Parameter	Mandatory	Description
      everest.io/reclaim-policy: retain-volume-only	No	Optional. Currently, only retain-volume-only is supported. This field is valid only when the Everest version is 1.2.9 or later and the reclaim policy is Delete. If the reclaim policy is Delete and the current value is retain-volume-only, the associated PV is deleted while the underlying storage volume is retained, when a PVC is deleted.
      volumeHandle	Yes	If an SFS Capacity-Oriented volume is used, enter the volume ID. Log in to the CCE console, choose Service List > Storage > Scalable File Service, and select SFS Turbo. In the list, click the name of the target SFS file system. On the details page, copy the content following ID.
      everest.io/share-export-location	Yes	Shared path of the file system. For an SFS Capacity-Oriented file system, log in to the CCE console, choose Service List > Storage > Scalable File Service, and obtain the shared path from the Mount Address column.
      mountOptions	Yes	Mount options. If not specified, the following configurations are used by default. For details, see Configuring SFS Volume Mount Options. mountOptions: - vers=3 - timeo=600 - nolock - hard
      persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy	Yes	A reclaim policy is supported when the cluster version is or later than 1.19.10 and the Everest version is or later than 1.2.9. The Delete and Retain reclaim policies are supported. For details, see PV Reclaim Policy. If multiple PVs use the same SFS volume, use Retain to prevent the underlying volume from being deleted with a PV. Delete: If everest.io/reclaim-policy is not specified, both the PV and SFS volume are deleted when a PVC is deleted. If everest.io/reclaim-policy is set to retain-volume-only, when a PVC is deleted, the PV is deleted but the SFS volume resources are retained. Retain: When a PVC is deleted, the PV and underlying storage resources are not deleted. Instead, you must manually delete these resources. After that, the PV is in the Released status and cannot be bound to the PVC again.
      storage	Yes	Requested capacity in the PVC, in Gi. For SFS, this field is used only for verification (cannot be empty or 0). Its value is fixed at 1, and any value you set does not take effect for SFS file systems.

   2. Run the following command to create a PV:

      kubectl apply -f pv-sfs.yaml

3. Create a PVC.
   1. Create the pvc-sfs.yaml file.

      apiVersion: v1
      kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
      metadata:
        name: pvc-sfs
        namespace: default
        annotations:
          volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-provisioner: everest-csi-provisioner
      spec:
        accessModes:
        - ReadWriteMany               # The value must be ReadWriteMany for SFS.
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 1Gi               # SFS volume capacity.
      storageClassName: csi-nas # Storage class name, which must be the same as the PV's storage class.
        volumeName: pv-sfs    # PV name.

      Table 3 Key parameters

      Parameter	Mandatory	Description
      storage	Yes	Requested capacity in the PVC, in Gi. The value must be the same as the storage size of the existing PV.
      volumeName	Yes	PV name, which must be the same as the PV name in 1.

   2. Run the following command to create a PVC:

      kubectl apply -f pvc-sfs.yaml

4. Create an application.
   1. Create a file named web-demo.yaml. In this example, the SFS volume is mounted to the /data path.

      apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      metadata:
        name: web-demo
        namespace: default
      spec:
        replicas: 2
        selector:
          matchLabels:
            app: web-demo
        template:
          metadata:
            labels:
              app: web-demo
          spec:
            containers:
            - name: container-1
              image: nginx:latest
              volumeMounts:
              - name: pvc-sfs-volume    # Volume name, which must be the same as the volume name in the volumes field.
                mountPath: /data  # Location where the storage volume is mounted.
            imagePullSecrets:
              - name: default-secret
            volumes:
              - name: pvc-sfs-volume    # Volume name, which can be customized.
                persistentVolumeClaim:
                  claimName: pvc-sfs    # Name of the created PVC.

   2. Run the following command to create a workload to which the SFS volume is mounted:

      kubectl apply -f web-demo.yaml

      After the workload is created, the data in the container mount directory will be persistently stored. Verify the storage by referring to Verifying Data Persistence and Sharing.

Verifying Data Persistence and Sharing

1. View the deployed application and files.
   1. Run the following command to view the created pod:

      kubectl get pod | grep web-demo

      Expected output:

      web-demo-846b489584-mjhm9   1/1     Running   0             46s
      web-demo-846b489584-wvv5s   1/1     Running   0             46s

   2. Run the following commands in sequence to view the files in the /data path of the pods:

      kubectl exec web-demo-846b489584-mjhm9 -- ls /data
      kubectl exec web-demo-846b489584-wvv5s -- ls /data

      If no result is returned for both pods, no file exists in the /data path.

2. Run the following command to create a file named static in the /data path:

   kubectl exec web-demo-846b489584-mjhm9 --  touch /data/static

3. Run the following command to view the files in the /data path:

   kubectl exec web-demo-846b489584-mjhm9 -- ls /data

   Expected output:

   static

4. Verify data persistence.
   1. Run the following command to delete the pod named web-demo-846b489584-mjhm9:

      kubectl delete pod web-demo-846b489584-mjhm9

      Expected output:

      pod "web-demo-846b489584-mjhm9" deleted

      After the deletion, the Deployment controller automatically creates a replica.

   2. Run the following command to view the created pod:

      kubectl get pod | grep web-demo

      The expected output is as follows, in which web-demo-846b489584-d4d4j is the newly created pod:

      web-demo-846b489584-d4d4j   1/1     Running   0             110s
      web-demo-846b489584-wvv5s    1/1     Running   0             7m50s

   3. Run the following command to check whether the files in the /data path of the new pod have been modified:

      kubectl exec web-demo-846b489584-d4d4j -- ls /data

      Expected output:

      static

      If the static file still exists, the data can be stored persistently.

5. Verify data sharing.
   1. Run the following command to view the created pod:

      kubectl get pod | grep web-demo

      Expected output:

      web-demo-846b489584-d4d4j   1/1     Running   0             7m
      web-demo-846b489584-wvv5s   1/1     Running   0             13m

   2. Run the following command to create a file named share in the /data path of either pod: In this example, select the pod named web-demo-846b489584-d4d4j.

      kubectl exec web-demo-846b489584-d4d4j --  touch /data/share

      Check the files in the /data path of the pod.

      kubectl exec web-demo-846b489584-d4d4j -- ls /data

      Expected output:

      share
      static

   3. Check whether the share file exists in the /data path of another pod (web-demo-846b489584-wvv5s) as well to verify data sharing.

      kubectl exec web-demo-846b489584-wvv5s -- ls /data

      Expected output:

      share
      static

      After you create a file in the /data path of a pod, if the file is also created in the /data path of the other pod, the two pods share the same volume.

Related Operations